A video tracking based improvement of acute toxicity test on<i>Artemia salina</i>

Alyürük, Hakan; Demir, Güleser Kalaycı; Çavaş, Levent

doi:10.1080/10236244.2013.814224

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…mortality or lethality) presented various definitions generating potential misunderstanding about the observation of moribund or really dead larvae. Generally, mortality evaluation is carried out with a stereomicroscope by eye, but computer based analysis systems are available to decide whether the monitored Artemia nauplius is alive or dead (Garaventa et al, 2010;Alyuruk et al, 2013). Widdows (1998) stated that Artemia, and other crustaceans, can lie on the bottom of the test container, but still occasionally move an appendage.…”

Section: Short-term Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anyhow, differences in how the immobility state is defined exist. Garaventa et al (2010) considered nauplii as dead when they are completely motionless or do not change their barycenter position, or no appendage movement occurs for 5 s. Zulkifli et al (2014) reported that nauplii are dead if they do not show any movement after 10 s observation, while Alyuruk et al (2013) prolonged the observation period up to 30 s.…”

Section: Short-term Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although no mortality was found, MO-NPs decreased larvae swimming speed and biochemical responses, evidencing the sensitivity of non-lethal endpoints. Alyuruk et al (2013) proposed another video-tracking method assessing whether monitored Artemia are dead or alive observing colors/textures of nauplii. Authors exposed A. salina nauplii at various concentrations between 7 and 100 mg/L of K 2 Cr 2 O 7 and p-coumaric acid.…”

Section: Acute Larvae Behavioural Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of toxicity testing protocols and endpoints with Artemia spp.

Libralato

Prato

Migliore

et al. 2016

Ecological Indicators

143

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Artemia spp. is an historically popular biological model still requiring an official internationally based standardization. Several endpoints are currently available. Short-term acute endpoints include biomarker (acetylcholinesterase; heat stress proteins; lipid peroxidation; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; thioredoxin reductase; glutathione-peroxidase; glutathione S-transferase; glutathione reductase; aldehyde dehydrogenase; and adenylpyrophosphatase and Fluotox), hatching (dry biomass, morphological disorders and size), behavioral (swimming speed and path length), teratogenicity (growth), and immobilization (meaning mortality after 5-30 s observation). Long-term chronic tests focus on growth, reproduction and survival or mortality after 7-28 d exposure from larval to adulthood stage. We analyzed each test looking at its endpoint, toxicant and experimental design including replicates, exposure time, number of exposed cysts or organisms and their relative life stage, exposure conditions during hatching and testing (salinity, pH, light intensity, aeration dilution media, and food supply), type of testing chambers, and quality assurance and quality control criteria. Similarities and differences between the identified approaches were highlighted. Results evidenced that hatching 24 h short-term and 14 d longterm mortality are the most promising Artemia spp. protocols that should go forward with international standardization.

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Section: Short-term Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Short-term Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acute Larvae Behavioural Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of toxicity testing protocols and endpoints with Artemia spp.

Libralato

Prato

Migliore

et al. 2016

Ecological Indicators

143

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“…It consumes organic debris, micro and macro algae, bacteria and chemicals ( Weber, 1993 ). Over the past few decades, the toxicity of A. nauplii has been tested with various bioactive or toxic compounds, pesticides, antimicrobial biocides expressed some behavioral responses ( Sorgeloos et al, 1978 ; Venkateswara Rao et al, 2007 ; Garaventa et al, 2010 ; Alyuruk et al, 2013 ) and this species used as an excellent organism for eco-toxicological tests ( Persoone and Wells, 1987 ; Garaventa et al, 2010 ). A. nauplii is used as a model organism for testing the toxicity of ethyl acetate in P. daleae according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development testing guidelines (OECD) ( OECD, 2004 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Larvicidal, Histopathological Efficacy of Penicillium daleae against Larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti Plus Biotoxicity on Artemia nauplii a Non-target Aquatic Organism

Ragavendran¹,

Mariappan²

2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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Mosquitoes can transmit the terrible diseases to human beings. Soil-borne fungal products act as potential source for low-cost chemicals, used for developing ecofriendly control agents against mosquito-vector borne diseases. The prime aim of study was to check the larvicidal potential of fungus mycelia (by ethyl acetate solvent) extract from Penicillium daleae (KX387370) against Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti and to test the toxicity of brine shrimp Artemia nauplii, by observing the physiological activity. The ethyl acetate extract of P. daleae mycelia (after 15 days) from Potato dextrose broth (PDB) medium revealed better result with least LC 50 and LC 90 values of I-IV instars larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC 50 = 127.441, 129.087, 108.683, and 93.521; LC 90 = 152.758, 158.169, 139.091, and 125.918 µg/ml) and Ae. aegypti (LC 50 = 105.077, 83.943, 97.158, and 76.513; LC 90 = 128.035, 106.869, 125.640, and 104.606 µg/ml) respectively. At higher concentration (1000 µg/ml) of extracts, mortality begins at 18 h of exposure and attained 100% mortality after 48 h exposure. Overall, the activity was depends on the dose and time of exposure to the extracts. The stereomicroscopic and histopathological analysis of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae treated with mycelium ethyl acetate extract showed complete disintegration of abdominal region, particularly the midgut and caeca, loss of cuticular parts and caudal hairs. Morphological characterization of the fungi was performed and taxonomically identified through 5.8s rDNA technique. The phylogenetic analysis of rDNA sequence was carried out to find out the taxonomic and the evolutionary sketch of isolate in relation to earlier described genus Penicillium. Behavior and swimming speed alteration was analyzed together with mortality. The results of the experiment indicates that swimming behavior recorder (SBR) is a appropriate tool to detect individual swimming speed of the A. nauplii organisms, since the values have been obtained in accordance with control monitored results showed the 2.75 mm s −1 and after 24 h treated found to be 0.72 mm s −1 , respectively. The extract-exposed to A. nauplii showed changes in body structures, i.e., intestine enlargement, eye formation, outer shell malformations and loss of antennae. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the toxicity of the ethyl acetate extract of P. daleae on A. nauplii larvae by performing the mortality, behavior and alterations in swimming responses. This is the first time report on the larvicidal efficacy of P. daleae ethyl acetate extract against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti larvae.

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“…(Gajbhiye y Hirota 1990), más sensible a plomo que Artemia sp. (Gajbhiye y Hirota 1990) y más sensible a cromo que A. salina (Alyuruk et al 2013) y A. franciscana (Huang et al 2015). No obstante, A. parthenogenetica (Nagarajan et al 2014) muestra mayor sensibilidad a aluminio que C. cornuta, probablemente debido al tiempo de exposición o al Al 2 Cl 3 usado para evaluar su toxicidad.…”

Section: Cuadro I Valores De Toxicidad Letal a 48 H Obtenidos Paraunclassified

EVALUACIÓN DE LA SENSIBILIDAD DEL CLADÓCERO TROPICAL Ceriodaphnia cornuta A METALES PESADOS

Pérez‐Legaspi

Garatachia-Vargas

García-Villar

et al. 2017

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Palabras clave: Dafniidae, metal pesado, toxicidad aguda, relevancia ecológica RESUMEN Los cladóceros han sido utilizados como organismos de prueba para evaluar el efecto adverso de contaminantes en sistemas acuáticos. Daphnia magna y Ceriodaphnia dubia están entre los más utilizados en pruebas de toxicidad acuática. Sin embargo, son poco representativos para evaluar ecosistemas acuáticos tropicales. Ceriodaphnia cornuta es un organismo común en aguas tropicales que tolera variaciones de temperatura, distribuyéndose ampliamente en diversos humedales. En este estudio, evaluamos la sensibilidad de C. cornuta a los metales pesados: plomo, cobre, cadmio, aluminio, y cromo, a través de pruebas de toxicidad letal. Los valores nominales y reales de Concentración Letal 50 (CL50) a 48 h obtenidos para plomo, cadmio, aluminio, cobre y cromo fueron (0.05, 0.06), (0.031, 0.027), (1.58, 1.54), (0.02, 0.02) y (1.12, 1.16) mg/L, respectivamente. La mayor sensibilidad de este cladócero ocurrió en bajas concentraciones de cobre, cadmio y plomo, mientras que es poco sensible al aluminio. Los valores de CL50 a 48 h para C. cornuta expuesta a cobre, cadmio y plomo son menores a lo reportado con otras especies de cladóceros usadas en pruebas de toxicidad letal. Lo anterior muestra una mayor sensibilidad que D. magna y C. dubia, incluso es comparable a lo reportado para otras especies de cladóceros tropicales. En conclusión, C. cornuta puede ser considerada como un organismo de prueba adecuado para el monitoreo de ecosistemas costeros tropicales contaminados con metales como cobre, cadmio y plomo presentes en el Golfo de México.Key words: Daphniidae, heavy metal, acute toxicity, ecological relevance ABSTRACT Cladocerans have been used as test organisms to assess the adverse effects of pollutants in aquatic systems. Both Daphnia magna and Ceriodaphnia dubia are among the most commonly cladocerans used in aquatic toxicity tests. However, they are inadequate to assess tropical aquatic ecosystems. Ceriodaphnia cornuta is a common organism in tropical waters which tolerates variations in temperature, and is widely distributed Rev. Int.

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A video tracking based improvement of acute toxicity test onArtemia salina

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

A review of toxicity testing protocols and endpoints with Artemia spp.

A review of toxicity testing protocols and endpoints with Artemia spp.

Larvicidal, Histopathological Efficacy of Penicillium daleae against Larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti Plus Biotoxicity on Artemia nauplii a Non-target Aquatic Organism

EVALUACIÓN DE LA SENSIBILIDAD DEL CLADÓCERO TROPICAL Ceriodaphnia cornuta A METALES PESADOS

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