A viscoelastic model for the compaction of fibrous materials

Kelly, Piaras

doi:10.1080/00405000.2010.515103

Cited by 62 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previously it was found that for a very high thickness to width aspect ratio, T700/M21 prepreg material showed pronounced differences in resultant thickness for different loading programs [8]. For the current sample configurations with a smaller number of plies blocked together no notable difference in transverse expansion and through-thickness compaction of the specimens for slow monotonic loading versus ramp-dwell loading for IM7/8552 was found.…”

Section: History and Strain-rate Effectsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Bickerton and Buntain (7) conducted a similar experiment for the RTM process and found a different fibre bed response between the compaction of dry preforms and infused samples due to a lubrication effect. Kelly (8) suggested that a multiplicative superposition of elastic and rate-dependent material reaction could better describe their experimental data and proposed a series of monotonic compaction experiments to calibrate their material model. Lukaszewicz and Potter (9), investigating the behaviour of toughened prepreg under conditions of AFP, assuming time independent response of the material at high strain rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An experimental investigation of the consolidation behaviour of uncured prepregs under processing conditions

Nixon-Pearson

Belnoue

Ivanov

et al. 2016

Journal of Composite Materials

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. AbstractThis paper presents a methodology and research study that characterises toughened materials, as is needed for optimisation of composite manufacturing processes. The specific challenge is to cover all of the stages of advanced composite manufacturing: fibre deposition by automatic fibre placement machines, hot or room temperature debulking, and consolidation in an autoclave. In these processes the material experiences a wide range of processing parameters: pressure, load rate, temperatures, and boundary constraints. In these conditions toughened prepregs, exhibit complex rheological behaviour, with diverse flow and deformation mechanisms at various structural scales. Here a series of experimental results are presented in order to describe the temperature, viscosity, flow mechanisms, and scale-effects of simple un-cured prepreg stacks. The driver for this study is to obtain a further understanding of flow mechanisms throughout the consolidation phase of composites manufacture since fibre path defects are most likely to occur during compaction, prior to vitrification.

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Section: History and Strain-rate Effectsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental investigation of the consolidation behaviour of uncured prepregs under processing conditions

Nixon-Pearson

Belnoue

Ivanov

et al. 2016

Journal of Composite Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rees [34] carried out a more complex procedure consisting of sixteen cycles for kapok fibres. Sometimes, the viscous nature of the material is also invoked more [5,[35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Indentation of hairy surfaces: Role of friction and entanglement

Camillieri

Bueno

2015

Tribology International

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“…The compaction deformation was not only non-linear elastic but also accompanied with viscoelastic behavior and permanent deformation, and hence was still happening when the compaction process had been finished [21][22][23]. The injection process in LCM could result in the change of clamping force, which was attributed to the relaxation of the preform after being impregnated in the molds [24,25]. Although some models for single-layer or multi-layer compaction have been established based on the experiments [10,[26][27][28][29][30][31], previous work that studying the compressibility of textile reinforcements mainly focuses on traditional glass woven fabrics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

An experimental investigation of compaction behavior of carbon non-crimp fabrics for liquid composite molding

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2015

J Mater Sci

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Compaction of the preforms to a desired fiber volume fraction in liquid composite molding has a significant influence on the subsequent injection process and mechanical properties of the final composites. Hence, knowledge of the compaction of the fabric preforms is important for improving the composite product quality and developing the mold filling simulation. In this paper, the compaction behavior of four types of carbon non-crimp fabrics (NCFs) was experimentally studied. The investigation of compaction behavior included the influence of number of cyclic compaction, number of layers, stitching pattern, compaction speed, and the lubrication (wet states). The results show that the compaction curves tend to be stable and repeatable with an elastic deformation from the third cycle. Other factors affecting the compaction behavior can be explained by the nesting effect, considering the special structure of the NCFs. Gaps between fiber tows created by the stitches may provide room for the adjacent fibers to embed or nest in. Meanwhile, the relaxation of the preforms after compaction was discussed in terms of the energy dissipation. The results elucidate that the lubrication and compaction speed have no significant effect on the compaction process, but exhibit influence on the relaxation. Finally, the microstructural observation of the laminates backs up the experimental analysis and highlights the deformation of fibers at the tow gaps. The change of the internal parameters, including the shape and dimensions of the tows and the gaps, with the compaction degree was statistically studied. It also provides geometrical parameters for establishing predictive models of carbon NCFs with different compaction degrees.

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A viscoelastic model for the compaction of fibrous materials

Cited by 62 publications

References 32 publications

An experimental investigation of the consolidation behaviour of uncured prepregs under processing conditions

An experimental investigation of the consolidation behaviour of uncured prepregs under processing conditions

Indentation of hairy surfaces: Role of friction and entanglement

An experimental investigation of compaction behavior of carbon non-crimp fabrics for liquid composite molding

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