A wafer-based monocrystalline silicon photovoltaics road map: Utilizing known technology improvement opportunities for further reductions in manufacturing costs

Goodrich, Alan; Hacke, Peter; Wang, Qi; Sopori, Bhushan; Margolis, Robert; James, T.; Woodhouse, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2013.01.030

Cited by 287 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…They are produced from 100 to 200 µm thick wafers sliced from bulks of solar grade silicon [6]. They are also called conventional or traditional or waferbased solar cells.…”

Section: Crystalline Silicon Pv Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their application is limited to low power applications [45] because module manufactured using the cell possesses low PCE in the range of 6 to13%. The EPBT is 2 years and operational lifetime is 25 years [45], [6], [8], [43], [59], [50].…”

Section: Amorphous Silicon (A-si) Pv Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrons are attracted to positively charged contacts while holes are attracted to negatively charged contacts. The contacts in an ideal PV cell exhibit complete selectivity [6], [72], [112], [114], [119]. Thus, while electrons migrate to one contact, the holes migrate to the other contact.…”

Section: Contact Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Ogbomo

Amalu

Ekere

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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The global adoption and use of photovoltaic modules (PVMs) as the main source of energy is the key to realising the UN Millennium Development Goals on Green Energy. The technology -projected to contribute about 20% of world energy supply by 2050, over 60% by 2100 and leading to 50% reduction in global CO 2 emissions -is threatened by its poor performance in tropical climate. Such performance discourages its regional acceptance. The magnitude of crucial module performance influencing factors (cell temperature, wind speed and relative humidity) reach critical values of 90°C, 0.2 m/s and 85%, respectively in tropical climates which negatively impact module performance indices which include power output (PO), power conversion efficiency (PCE) and energy payback time (EPBT). This investigation reviews PVM technologies which include cell, contact and interconnection technologies. It identifies critical technology route(s) with potential to increase operational reliability of PVMs in the tropics when adopted. The cell performance is measured by PO, PCE and EPBT while contacts and interconnections performance is measured by the degree of recombination, shading losses and also the rate of thermo-mechanical degradation. It is found that the mono-crystalline cell has the best PCE of 25% while the Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) cell has the lowest EPBT of 8-months. Results show that the poly-crystalline cell has the largest market share amounting to 54%. The CdTe cell exhibits 0% drop in PCE at high-temperatures and low irradiance operations -demonstrating least affected PO by the conditions. Further results establish that back contacts and back-to-back interconnection technologies produce the least recombination losses and demonstrate absence of shading in addition to possessing longest interconnection fatigue life. Based on these findings, the authors propose a PVM comprising CdTe cell, back contacts and backto-back interconnection technologies as the technology with latent capacity to produce improved performance in tropical climates. Keywordsphotovoltaic modules; solar cell technology; contact technology; interconnection technology; energy payback time; power conversion efficiency; fatigue life. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 2 *Manuscript Click here to view linked References IntroductionThe annual electrical power consumption of the entire planet can be generated by the sun in just one hour [1]. Thus, solar energy is abundant in addition to being clean, sustainable and renewable [2], [3]. Surprisingly, some parts of the world are still struggling to meet their energy needs. It may suffice to say that the regions experiencing energy issues may be having energy conversion problems rather than energy supply problems [2], [4]. It is projected that if 100% exploitation of the energy potentials of the sun ca...

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“…They are produced from 100 to 200 µm thick wafers sliced from bulks of solar grade silicon [6]. They are also called conventional or traditional or waferbased solar cells.…”

Section: Crystalline Silicon Pv Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Amorphous Silicon (A-si) Pv Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Ogbomo

Amalu

Ekere

et al. 2017

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…Последующие этапы форми-рования HIT-структуры заключались в нанесении слоев аморфного кремния методом газофазного осаждения (PECVD), напылении про-зрачных проводящих электродов (оксид индия-олова) и формировании контактной сетки. Более подробно основные технологические этапы изготовления HIT ФЭП рассмотрены в работах [4,5]. Полупроводнико-вая структура изготовленных HIT-элементов изображена на рис.…”

Section: поступило в редакцию 16 сентября 2016 гunclassified

Электролюминесцентные Исследования Эффективности Кремниевых Гетероструктурных Солнечных Элементов

Вербицкий¹,

Панайотти²,

Никитин³

et al. 2017

Письма В Журнал Технической Физики

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Впервые обнаружено сильное изменение интенсивности электролюминесценции (более чем на порядок) в высококачественных гетеропереходных солнечных элементах на основе монокристаллического кремния при изменении их эффективности от 18 до 20.5%. Причинами эффекта являются резкое изменение концентрации центров рекомбинации на поверхности пластин монокристаллического кремния в процессе их пирамидального текстурирования, а также увеличение последовательного сопротивления. Обнаруженный эффект может быть использован для количественной высокочувствительной характеризации текстурирования --- принципиально важного этапа изготовления высокоэффективных кремниевых солнечных элементов. DOI: 10.21883/PJTF.2017.17.44940.16479

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“…Moreover, the electronic and optical properties of organic semiconductors can be tuned to a large extent by appropriate structural modifications, leading to materials with tailored properties for specific applications [2]. On the other hand, organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices still suffer from several drawbacks, such as (i) low exciton diffusion lengths, (ii) non-radiative recombination of charges, and (iii) low carrier mobilities [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic photovoltaics without p–n junctions: a computational study of ferroelectric columnar molecular clusters

Sobolewski

2015

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Structural and electronic properties of ferroelectric columnar clusters constructed from benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, (B3CA)n, were investigated at the Hartree-Fock level. It is shown that B3CA stacks form helix-shaped molecular tubes which are stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. It is furthermore shown that the strong electric field generated by the uniaxial alignment of the carboxyl groups can split an optically prepared exciton into an electron-hole pair and can drive the charge carriers to the opposite ends of the tube. Some consequences of the phenomenon for photovoltaic applications are discussed.

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A wafer-based monocrystalline silicon photovoltaics road map: Utilizing known technology improvement opportunities for further reductions in manufacturing costs

Cited by 287 publications

References 76 publications

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

A review of photovoltaic module technologies for increased performance in tropical climate

Электролюминесцентные Исследования Эффективности Кремниевых Гетероструктурных Солнечных Элементов

Organic photovoltaics without p–n junctions: a computational study of ferroelectric columnar molecular clusters

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