A Whole-Grain Diet Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Kirwan, John P.; Malin, Steven K.; Scelsi, Amanda R.; Kullman, Emily L.; Navaneethan, Sankar D.; Pagadala, Mangesh; Haus, Jacob M.; Filion, Julianne; Godin, J.F.; Kochhar, Sunil; Ross, Alastair B.

doi:10.3945/jn.116.230508

Cited by 93 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 57 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, waist circumference was reduced in both sorghum and wheat treatments, since both cereals are rich sources of dietary fibers, which shows that sorghum is as beneficial as wheat, being another cereal option for human consumption. The authors of another study also verified reductions in waist circumference of overweight subjects after the consumption of whole-grain wheat and rice during 8 weeks (Kirwan et al, 2016). About 73% of the subjects reduced WC in our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Extruded sorghum consumption associated with a caloric restricted diet reduces body fat in overweight men: A randomized controlled trial

Anunciação

Cardoso

Alfenas

et al. 2019

Food Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sorghum intake on body composition and metabolic variables in overweight men. In a randomized controlled crossover study, 24 overweight men (25.6 ± 4.6 years) were randomly allocated into one of two treatments: extruded sorghum or extruded wheat. The study consisted of 2 periods of 8 weeks with at least 4 weeks of washout. Anthropometric, clinical and metabolic risk variables were assessed at baseline and at the end of each intervention period. Extruded sorghum consumption reduced body fat percentage and increased daily carbohydrate and dietary fiber intake when compared to wheat consumption. Also, sorghum increased the serum glutathione peroxidase concentration, but no difference was observed when compared to wheat consumption. Extruded sorghum demonstrated to be a good alternative to control obesity in overweight men.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Extruded sorghum consumption associated with a caloric restricted diet reduces body fat in overweight men: A randomized controlled trial

Anunciação

Cardoso

Alfenas

et al. 2019

Food Research International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In terms of CARTPT-HEI interactions, being in highest tertiels of HEI could not show favorable effects in reducing metabolic risk factors; for example FM increased while HDL decreased in highest adherence to HEI in AA genotype. Similarly, Sanjeevi et al and Kirwan et al reported that a whole grain-rich diet with high adherence to HEI score significantly reduced serum HDL concentrations in overweight and obese adults [40,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript prepropeptide gene (CARTPT) polymorphism interacts with Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to affect hypothalamic hormones and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese individuals

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Epidemiologic studies show that cocaine-and amphetamine-regulated transcript prepropeptide (CARTPT) gene polymorphism modifies diet-obesity relationships. However, the interaction between CARTPT gene polymorphism and diet quality indices have not been investigated yet. The current study was aimed to evaluate the interaction between major dietary indices including Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 and CARTPT gene rs2239670 variants among apparently healthy obese Iranians. Methods:This cross-sectional study was carried out by employing 288 apparently healthy obese adults aged 20-50 years with a BMI of 30-40 kg/m 2 . Diet quality was evaluated by Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) using a 132-items semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. The CARTPT gene rs2239670 polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. Blood concentrations of glycemic markers, lipid profile, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and agouti-related peptide (AgRP) were also measured. ANCOVA multivariate interaction model was used to analyze gene-diet interactions.Results: The significant interactions were identified between CARTPT gene polymorphism and HEI, affecting BMR (P Interaction = 0.003), serum glucose (P Interaction = 0.009) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL concentrations (P Interaction = 0.03) after adjusting for the effects of sex and age. Also we found gene-diet interaction between CARTPT genotypes and DQI-I in terms of fat mass (FM; P Interaction = 0.02), waist circumference (WC; P Interaction < 0.001), body mass index (BMI; P Interaction < 0.001), basal metabolic rate (BMR, P Interaction < 0.001), serum fasting glucose (P Interaction < 0.01) and AgRP (P Interaction = 0.05) in individuals even after adjusting for potential confounders. © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article' s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article' Conclusion: Current study showed the effects of interaction between CARTPT genotype with adherence to HEI and DQI-I scores on obesity-related anthropometric and metabolic risk-factors.

show abstract

“…At baseline, patients were randomly allocated to two groups to receive dietary advice either to obtain at least half of their cereal servings each day from whole-grain foods (intervention group (n 56)) or from usual cereals (control group (n 56)) for 12 weeks. This time period was designated based on those previous studies showing beneficial effects of whole grains on metabolic markers in 6 and 8 weeks (16,17) . A dietitian met with participants at baseline to explain the 2012 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (9) used in the study and also to provide educational information to facilitate their understanding and adherence.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, some previous studies have suggested that whole-grain foods may improve glucose and lipid biomarkers in healthy obese or hyperglycaemic adults (14) . Many randomised controlled trials have also evaluated the effects of whole-grain products on blood glucose concentrations and serum lipids, but they have found inconsistent results (15)(16)(17)(18) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-grain consumption and its effects on hepatic steatosis and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomised controlled clinical trial

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a considerable challenge to public health across the globe. Whole grain is highly recommended as an inseparable part of a healthy diet and has been proposed as an effective way to manage NAFLD. The objective in the present study was to evaluate the effects of whole-grain consumption on hepatic steatosis and liver enzymes as primary outcomes in patients with NAFLD. Over the 12 weeks of this open-label, randomised controlled clinical trial, 112 patients (mean age 43 (sd 8·7) years; BMI 32·2 (sd 4·3) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to two groups to receive dietary advice, either to obtain at least half of their cereal servings each day from whole-grain foods or from usual cereals. By the end of the study, the grades of NAFLD showed a significant decrease in the intervention group (P < 0·001). In addition, a significant reduction in serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase (P < 0·001), aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0·001), γ-glutamyltransferase (P = 0·009), systolic blood pressure (P = 0·004) and diastolic blood pressure (P = 0·008) was observed in the intervention group compared with the control group. After adjusting, however, no significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of lipid profile, glycaemic status and anthropometric measurements. Overall, our study demonstrated that consumption of whole grains for 12 weeks had beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis and liver enzymes concentrations in patients with NAFLD.

show abstract

A Whole-Grain Diet Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 93 publications

References 57 publications

Extruded sorghum consumption associated with a caloric restricted diet reduces body fat in overweight men: A randomized controlled trial

Extruded sorghum consumption associated with a caloric restricted diet reduces body fat in overweight men: A randomized controlled trial

Cocaine and amphetamine-regulated transcript prepropeptide gene (CARTPT) polymorphism interacts with Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to affect hypothalamic hormones and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese individuals

Whole-grain consumption and its effects on hepatic steatosis and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomised controlled clinical trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About