“…Besides, the polymer‐based electrolyte of poly(propylene carbonate)/Li 6.75 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ta 0.25 O 12 and poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate) polymer electrolyte (PVEC‐PE) film was also used to improve the low‐temperature performance of LIBs for high safety and stability [58] . As an example, the polymer Li|PVEC‐PE|LiFePO 4 full‐cell can deliver a 63 % of the room temperature capacity −15 °C at the current density of C/10 (i. e., 1 C=170 mA g −1 ) (Figure 4d) [58b] . However, the intrinsic defect of the polymer electrolyte, including the relatively low ionic conductivity, narrow electrochemical stability window, and poor interfacial compatibility to the electrode need to be addressed, particularly at low‐temperature conditions.…”
Lithium-ion batteries have dominated the energy market from portable electronic devices to electric vehicles. However, the LIBs applications are limited seriously when they were operated in the cold regions and seasons if there is no thermal protection. This is because the Li + transportation capability within the electrode and particularly in the electrolyte dropped significantly due to the decreased electrolyte liquidity, leading to a sudden decline in performance and short cycle-life. Thus, design a low-temperature electrolyte becomes ever more important to enable the further applications of LIBs. Herein, we summarize the low-temperature electrolyte development from the aspects of solvent, salt, additives, electrolyte analysis, and performance in the different battery systems. Then, we also introduce the recent new insight about the cation solvation structure, which is significant to understand the interfacial behaviors at the low temperature, aiming to guide the design of a low-temperature electrolyte more effectively.
“…Besides, the polymer‐based electrolyte of poly(propylene carbonate)/Li 6.75 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ta 0.25 O 12 and poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate) polymer electrolyte (PVEC‐PE) film was also used to improve the low‐temperature performance of LIBs for high safety and stability [58] . As an example, the polymer Li|PVEC‐PE|LiFePO 4 full‐cell can deliver a 63 % of the room temperature capacity −15 °C at the current density of C/10 (i. e., 1 C=170 mA g −1 ) (Figure 4d) [58b] . However, the intrinsic defect of the polymer electrolyte, including the relatively low ionic conductivity, narrow electrochemical stability window, and poor interfacial compatibility to the electrode need to be addressed, particularly at low‐temperature conditions.…”
Lithium-ion batteries have dominated the energy market from portable electronic devices to electric vehicles. However, the LIBs applications are limited seriously when they were operated in the cold regions and seasons if there is no thermal protection. This is because the Li + transportation capability within the electrode and particularly in the electrolyte dropped significantly due to the decreased electrolyte liquidity, leading to a sudden decline in performance and short cycle-life. Thus, design a low-temperature electrolyte becomes ever more important to enable the further applications of LIBs. Herein, we summarize the low-temperature electrolyte development from the aspects of solvent, salt, additives, electrolyte analysis, and performance in the different battery systems. Then, we also introduce the recent new insight about the cation solvation structure, which is significant to understand the interfacial behaviors at the low temperature, aiming to guide the design of a low-temperature electrolyte more effectively.
“…Thus, this PVC‐CPE ASSBs can run more than 250 cycles at 1C with a capacity of 80.2 mA h g −1 . Except for the above‐mentioned polymer, Lin et al [ 44 ] used the poly(vinyl ethylene carbonate) (PVEC)‐based SPEs (the poly‐carbonate‐based SPEs with CO bonds) via an in situ polymerization method, which has a high ionic conductivity of 2.1 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 25 °C and a wide electrochemical window. Innovation polymers for ASSBs could refer this even though they applied it to the all‐solid‐state lithium metal battery.…”
All‐solid‐state sodium batteries (ASSBs) are regarded as the next generation of sustainable energy storage systems due to the advantages of abundant sodium resources, and their exceptional and high energy density. Nevertheless, there are still grand challenges to realize their practical applications, such as the limited types of solid‐state electrolytes (SEs), low ionic conductivity of SEs, high charge‐transfer impedance, interfacial issues, and Na dendrite growth. Herein, the recent progress and challenges of various SEs for ASSBs are summarized, including solid polymer electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes (including oxides, sulfides, and boron hydrides), and their combinations. Furthermore, recent reports on various cathodes materials and corresponding cathode/SE interfacial issues are comprehensively reviewed. Current trends and future perspectives on sodium metal anodes are discussed in detail with an emphasis on the anode interface protection and innovative SEs with good Na compatibility. Finally, future opportunities for the development of ASSBs are outlined.
“…The Li/LFP cell assembled with this PE exhibits a reversible cycling with specific capacity of 139 and 118 mA h g −1 at 1C and 3C, respectively. Not only Li/LFP cell, PVEC‐based PE can be equipped with high voltage LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 cathode, and the assembled cell delivers stable cycling for 200 cycles at 1C 70 . In addition, the copolymers of VEC and various acrylate monomers, including vinyl acetate (VAc), methoxyethylacrylate (MEA) and poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate) (PEGMEMA), are also used as electrolyte matrix for LIBs.…”
Section: Novel Polymer Matrix Beyond Peo For Polymer Electrolytes‐bas...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(D) Schematic diagram of coupling/decoupling between Li + and O in C═O and CO groups and Li + transport path in PVEC‐based PE. Reproduced with permission 70 . Copyright 2020, Elsevier…”
Section: Novel Polymer Matrix Beyond Peo For Polymer Electrolytes‐bas...mentioning
Polymer electrolyte (PE) has been emerging as a promising alternative to liquid electrolytes due to the unique advantages such as excellent flexibility and processability, high chemical and thermal stability, and low risk of leakage and combustion, especially for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Even though abundant attempts focusing on polymer chemistries have been made, the inadequate capacity of lithium‐ion transport via segmental motion still cannot provide satisfying room temperature ionic conductivity and lithium‐ion transference number. In addition, safety concerns and short lifespan resulted from the brittle and incompatible interface between the electrode and polymer materials also hinder the commercialization of PEs‐based LIBs. Hence, for the above performance defects and interface issues, this review provides an overview of polymer electrolytes from the conductivity improvement, polymer selection and mechanical strength enhancement for protrusion suppressing. The improvement of conductivity specifically includes structure modification of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) host and novel electrolyte matrix beyond PEO, while the section of interface regulation mainly involves dendrite‐inhibited polymers, mechanical strengthening, and in situ polymerization. Finally, perspectives and challenges are pointed out in the development of polymer electrolytes with both excellent electrochemical performance and safety for LIBs.
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