A winter NO2 smog episode in the U.K.

Passive monitoring of nitrogen dioxide in urban air: A case study of Durban metropolis, South Africa

“…They have been implicated in the corrosion of metals (Cramer et al, 1988), in the breaking of DNA strands in rats (Bermudez et al, 1999) and as respiratory tract irritants to humans (Mohsenin, 1994). Several reports (Bower et al, 1994;Shi and Morrison, 1997;Azzi and Johnson, 1995;LubkertAlcamo and Kryzyanowski, 1995;Andersen et al, 1980) have claimed that NO 2 is one of the components responsible for producing brown haze which inhibits visibility in ambient air in certain areas. In view of the hazardous properties of NOx described above, it is imperative to monitor these gases in ambient air of cities and towns on an on-going basis.…”

Health effects of an air pollution episode in London, December 1991.

“…All the relative risks except for the 15-64 age group were greater than unity and significantly increased relative risks were observed for all respiratory diagnoses: age 65+ (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). Significant increases were also observed for obstructive lung diseases: all ages (1.14) and age 65+ (1.43).…”

Collaboration between central and state government and environmental quality: Evidences from Indian cities

“…If we look at the emission affecting tropospheric region, then the NO 2 should be considered as the primary pollutant in this case, as 79% of the tropospheric atmosphere consists of nitrogen (N 2 ). It is majorly responsible for creation of ground-level ozone, a primary component of smog (Bower et al, 1994;Shi and Harrison, 1997). It is also responsible for creation of various nitrate compounds, which add to the level of respiratory particulate matters in the lower atmosphere (Dockery et al, 1989;Monn et al, 1997;Barnett et al, 2005).…”