“…While there are different approaches for the actuation of CRs, tendon-driven actuation has become popular owing to its simplicity and ease of implementation [13]. As a result, various aspects related to tendon-driven continuum robots have been the subject of investigation, such as their design and construction [14], [15], mechanical modeling [16]- [19], dynamics [20], [21], workspace analysis [22], [23], and control [24]. Despite these advances, dynamic modeling and analysis of tendon-driven continuum robots present significant challenges, such as those relating to their accuracy [25], efficiency, and numerical stability.…”