(A1) Identification of Oral Health Care Needs in Children and Adults, Management of Oral Diseases

Abstract

The workshop considered five questions reviewing the identification of international oral health care needs of children and adults, and the management of oral diseases in resource-poor countries: (1) What is the role of the dental profession in the management of the HIV-infected individual? (2) Identifying health care needs-What are the epidemiology and disparities of HIV-associated oral lesions in children from different continents? (3) How effective is HIV treatment in controlling oral diseases? (4) Could we develop basic inexpensive oral and dental care protocols for economically deprived HIV-infected patients? and (5) What is the best method of arranging resources to meet the oral health care needs of people with HIV disease? The consensus of the workshop participants was that there is a need to re-target research efforts to non-established market economy countries and prioritize research in these regions to children with HIV disease. It will be important to assess commonalities and variations in oral health needs across geographical and cultural boundaries, and research efforts should be centralized in resource-poor countries to support multi-center longitudinal standardized studies. It is essential that oral health research be integrated into other health care research programs, to make these research priorities and public health initiatives feasible.

Oral manifestations associated with HIV infection

“…The oral conditions as markers could be useful in underserved resource-limited populations. However, they do not replace the measurement of CD4 + T cell and viral load determination for diagnosis and disease management [50,51].…”

Oral lesions in HIV positive AIDS adolescents perinatally infected undergoing HAART

“…Consequently the responsibility of the dentist for being able to identify HIV-OL in HIV+/AIDS children and adolescents is important (10,11). An anticipatory comprehensive HIV-infant oral care program, consisting of oral health risk assessment at regularly scheduled dental visits, early regular dental assessment, counseling sessions for parents during the regular dental visits or additional scheduled visits if a child is deemed at risk, has been proposed (19). Due to the findings obtained in the present report, it is suggested that the oral care program should also include adolescents and include preventive strategies against oral opportunistic infections and it should necessarily include outreach and incentives to reinforce attendance and oral health education.…”

Manifestaciones orales y caries dental en niños expuestos al virus de inmunodeficiencia humana

“…Como ha sido reportado por algunos investigadores (6,7,11,17,18,21), las manifestaciones orales no solo pueden ser indicadores de la infección por el VIH, sino que pueden ser consideradas como marcadores clínicos de la infección, llegando a predecir su progreso al SIDA.…”

“…Por otra parte, las manifestaciones orales tales como la queilitis angular y la parotiditis la presentaron 24,3 % de los niños, este resultado es menor al reportado por Solis y colaboradores (7) y mayor al encontrado en otros estudios (5,11,14). El herpes simple fue la manifestación oral menos frecuente (16,2 %) pudiéndose comparar los resultados con la mayoría de los reportados por otros investigadores (9,14,17,19,20).…”

“…Es por ello, que se hace necesario el diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento de las manifestaciones orales, así como el tratamiento de la caries dental, altamente prevalente según reportan la mayoría de los estudios (11)(12)(13)(14), debido a la presencia de xerostomía, ingestión de antirretrovirales ricos en sacarosa, aunado a una pobre higiene oral.…”