We have performed ab initio molecular orbital calculations on 1-and 2-substituted propenes, acetaldimines, and aldehydes -H 3 CC(X)=Y and XCH 2 CH=Y (Y = CH 2 , NH, O; X = H, CH 3 , NH 2 , OH, F) -to investigate the effects that substituents and functional groups have on their isoelectronic (except X = H) tautomerism. Structures for all stationary points (keto forms, enol forms, and transitions states) were optimized at the HF/6−31G**, MP2(full)/6−31G*, and B3LYP/6−31G** levels of theory and were characterized by frequency calculations. We performed intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) calculations at the HF/6−31G** level of theory to connect the transition structures with their local minima along the reaction path. In the transition structures, the migrating H4 atom is slightly out of plane, with a dihedral angle H4−C2−C1−Y3 (d4) of Ͻ 12°. In the keto−enol and imine−enamine series, the keto forms are thermodynamically more stable than their counterparts by ca. 30 kcal·mol −1 re-