Abelmoschus esculentus (L.): Bioactive Components’ Beneficial Properties—Focused on Antidiabetic Role—For Sustainable Health Applications

Durazzo, Alessandra; Lucarini, Massimo; Novellino, Ettore; Souto, Eliana B.; Daliu, Patricia; Santini, Antonello

doi:10.3390/molecules24010038

Cited by 105 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…It is important to bear in mind that the components of nanoparticles might be as toxic as the loaded bioactives [69]. In the present work, it is shown that the nanoparticle's components did not damage this cell line, in the range of tested concentrations (5,10,15, and 20 µg/mL, selected according to the literature [62]) as cell viability, at the highest concentration and 48 h exposure is about 95% of control (Figure 4, upper panel). Within the first 24 h of exposure to sucupira oil-NLC, the decrease of cell viability was~5% (highest difference recorded for sucupira oil-NLC at 20 µg/mL).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Essential oils (EOs) are odorant liquid oily products, consisting of a complex mixture of lipophilic and volatile compounds obtained from a plant raw material by one of three distinct procedures: Dry distillation, driving by steam of water or suitable mechanical method without heating [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Among their most abundant constituents, terpenes, sesquiterpenes and flavonoids are receiving increasing attention as potential natural agents for the treatment of several human diseases [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and metabolic syndrome [16][17][18]). Among chronic diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized the epidemy of the 21st century.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among chronic diseases, diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized the epidemy of the 21st century. It is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia together with disturbances in carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, resulting from an imbalance between insulin availability and insulin need [15,[19][20][21]. There are two main types of DM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sucupira Oil-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC): Lipid Screening, Factorial Design, Release Profile, and Cytotoxicity

et al. 2020

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Essential oils are odorant liquid oily products consisting of a complex mixture of volatile compounds obtained from a plant raw material. They have been increasingly proven to act as potential natural agents in the treatment of several human conditions, including diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia closely related to carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism disturbances. In order to explore novel approaches for the management of DM our group proposes the encapsulation of sucupira essential oil, obtained from the fruits of the Brazilian plants of the genus Pterodon, in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), a second generation of lipid nanoparticles which act as new controlled drug delivery system (DDS). Encapsulation was performed by hot high-pressure homogenization (HPH) technique and the samples were then analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) for mean average size and polydispersity index (PI) and by electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) for zeta potential (ZP), immediately after production and after 24 h of storage at 4 °C. An optimal sucupira-loaded NLC was found to consist of 0.5% (m/V) sucupira oil, 4.5% (m/V) of Kollivax® GMS II and 1.425% (m/V) of TPGS (formulation no. 6) characterized by a mean particle size ranging from 148.1 ± 0.9815 nm (0 h) to 159.3 ± 9.539 nm (at 24 h), a PI from 0.274 ± 0.029 (0 h) to 0.305 ± 0.028 (24 h) and a ZP from −0.00236 ± 0.147 mV (at 0 h) to 0.125 ± 0.162 (at 24 h). The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were 99.98% and 9.6%, respectively. The optimized formulation followed a modified release profile fitting the first order kinetics, over a period of 8 h. In vitro cytotoxicity studies were performed against Caco-2 cell lines, for which the cell viability above 90% confirmed the non-cytotoxic profile of both blank and sucupira oil-loaded NLC.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sucupira Oil-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC): Lipid Screening, Factorial Design, Release Profile, and Cytotoxicity

et al. 2020

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“…The fruit mucilage includes flavonoids, d-galactose, l-rhamnose, and d-dalacturonic acid. Okra leaves contain tannins, minerals, and flavonol glycosides (Durazzo et al, 2018;Purkait, Das, Ali, & Chakraborty, 2016;Saha, Jain, & Jain, 2011). Documented evidence revealed that okra has an ability to overcome metabolic syndrome symptoms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) on metabolic syndrome: A review

Esmaeilzadeh

Razavi

Hosseinzadeh

2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Metabolic syndrome is a disorder characterized by dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, abdominal fat, high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, and diminished high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.), routinely called lady's finger, has belonged to the Malvaceae family. Okra is considered as a valuable crop due to the multiple functions of its leaves, buds, flowers, pods, stems, and seeds in traditional and modern medicines. Several bioactive components are presented in different parts of okra including polyphenolic compounds especially oligomeric catechins and flavonol derivatives such as quercetin. The antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, immunomodulatory, gastroprotective, neuroprotective, lipid lowering, and antidiabetic effects of okra have been established. Although different in vivo and in vitro studies revealed that okra has an ability to overcome metabolic syndrome symptoms, the lack of clinical studies is notable. So, further clinical trials should be accomplished to confirm the role of okra in metabolic syndrome. The aims of this review are to gather different studies regarding the potential efficacy of okra in metabolic syndrome.

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“…Additional factors that play an important role in the setting up of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include the chronic hyperglycemia itself but also obesity which is recognised as a risk factor for the insulin resistance development and T2DM. Many natural products of nutraceutical interest [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] have been proposed worldwide for the management of diabetes, as evidenced in a recent quantitative literature analysis [29]. Hyperglycemia contributes to glycosylation of proteins and lipids, enhances the production of reactive oxygen species, encourages the synthesis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and also acute phase proteins in various tissues, which promote inflammation processes in the vascular wall [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Cell Signalling Pathways of Human Proinsulin C-Peptide in Vasculopathy Protection

Souto

Campos

Fangueiro

et al. 2020

IJMS

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A major hallmark of diabetes is a constant high blood glucose level (hyperglycaemia), resulting in endothelial dysfunction. Transient or prolonged hyperglycemia can cause diabetic vasculopathy, a secondary systemic damage. C-Peptide is a product of cleavage of proinsulin by a serine protease that occurs within the pancreatic β-cells, being secreted in similar amounts as insulin. The biological activity of human C-peptide is instrumental in the prevention of diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy and other vascular complications. The main feature of type 1 diabetes mellitus is the lack of insulin and of C-peptide, but the progressive β-cell loss is also observed in later stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus. C-peptide has multifaceted effects in animals and diabetic patients due to the activation of multiple cell signalling pathways, highlighting p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal–regulated kinase ½, Akt, as well as endothelial nitric oxide production. Recent works highlight the role of C-peptide in the prevention and amelioration of diabetes and also in organ-specific complications. Benefits of C-peptide in microangiopathy and vasculopathy have been shown through conservation of vascular function, and also in the prevention of endothelial cell death, microvascular permeability, neointima formation, and in vascular inflammation. Improvement of microvascular blood flow by replacing a physiological amount of C-peptide, in several tissues of diabetic animals and humans, mainly in nerve tissue, myocardium, skeletal muscle, and kidney has been described. A review of the multiple cell signalling pathways of human proinsulin C-peptide in vasculopathy protection is proposed, where the approaches to move beyond the state of the art in the development of innovative and effective therapeutic options of diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy are discussed.

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Abelmoschus esculentus (L.): Bioactive Components’ Beneficial Properties—Focused on Antidiabetic Role—For Sustainable Health Applications

Cited by 105 publications

References 90 publications

Sucupira Oil-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC): Lipid Screening, Factorial Design, Release Profile, and Cytotoxicity

Sucupira Oil-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC): Lipid Screening, Factorial Design, Release Profile, and Cytotoxicity

Effect of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) on metabolic syndrome: A review

Multiple Cell Signalling Pathways of Human Proinsulin C-Peptide in Vasculopathy Protection

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