Aberrant reward prediction errors in young adult at‐risk alcohol users

Cao, Zhijun; Bennett, Marc; O’Halloran, Laura; Pragulbickaitė, Gabija; Flanagan, Luke; McHugh, Louise; Whelan, Robert

doi:10.1111/adb.12873

Cited by 7 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(170 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the MID task may be considered a proxy to a true temporal‐difference learning task that engenders more reliable expectancies. Nonetheless, previous work has recommended the use of modulators in the MID task (Bjork et al., 2010; Oldham et al., 2018), and recent studies have found that prediction error was positively related to activation in the bilateral VS (Cao et al., 2019) and substance use problems in young adults (Cao et al., 2020) during the MID.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between methodological and interindividual variability: How Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task contrast maps vary and impact associations with behavior

et al. 2021

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Introduction Phenomena related to reward responsiveness have been extensively studied in their associations with substance use and socioemotional functioning. One important task in this literature is the Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task. By cueing and delivering performance‐contingent reward, the MID task has been demonstrated to elicit robust activation of neural circuits involved in different phases of reward responsiveness. However, systematic evaluations of common MID task contrasts have been limited to between‐study comparisons of group‐level activation maps, limiting their ability to directly evaluate how researchers’ choice of contrasts impacts conclusions about individual differences in reward responsiveness or brain‐behavior associations. Methods In a sample of 104 participants (Age Mean = 19.3, SD = 1.3), we evaluate similarities and differences between contrasts in: group‐ and individual‐level activation maps using Jaccard's similarity index, region of interest (ROI) mean signal intensities using Pearson's r, and associations between ROI mean signal intensity and psychological measures using Bayesian correlation. Results Our findings demonstrate more similarities than differences between win and loss cues during the anticipation contrast, dissimilarity between some win anticipation contrasts, an apparent deactivation effect in the outcome phase, likely stemming from the blood oxygen level‐dependent undershoot, and behavioral associations that are less robust than previously reported. Conclusion Consistent with recent empirical findings, this work has practical implications for helping researchers interpret prior MID studies and make more informed a priori decisions about how their contrast choices may modify results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between methodological and interindividual variability: How Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task contrast maps vary and impact associations with behavior

et al. 2021

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“…Two additional electrodes were located on the mastoids. EEG data were pre-processed using the EEGLAB toolbox 36 and the Fully Automated Statistical Thresholding for EEG Artifact Rejection (FASTER) plug-in, 37 as in Cao et al 11 The raw EEG data were band pass filtered from 0.1 to 95 Hz, and a 50-Hz notch filter was applied. The data were then average-referenced across all scalp electrodes.…”

Section: Eeg Data Acquisition and Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During reward anticipation, however, fMRI studies have shown hypoactivation of the main areas of the reward circuit in AUD 3–5 although brain activity during this decision period in populations exhibiting risky drinking behaviours has not yet been investigated. The present study builds upon our prior EEG work, 11 providing a complete picture of both phases of reward processing, by evaluating the neural dynamics of reward anticipation in at‐risk drinkers. Here, we used an EEG version of the monetary incentive delay (eMID) task 11,14 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, we found at-risk drinkers had increased feedback-P3 amplitude (a positive-going event related potential [ERP] component, peaking at centro-parietal electrodes around 400 ms post feedback onset), which was related to reward prediction error. 11 Notably, other research groups found alcohol and substance dependence to be associated with disrupted reward learning at time of outcome; however, this was characterised by reduced amplitudes for feedback-related ERPs. 12,13 During reward anticipation, however, fMRI studies have shown hypoactivation of the main areas of the reward circuit in AUD [3][4][5] although brain activity during this decision period in populations exhibiting risky drinking behaviours has not yet been investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present study builds upon our prior EEG work, 11 providing a complete picture of both phases of reward processing, by evaluating the neural dynamics of reward anticipation in at-risk drinkers. Here, we used an EEG version of the monetary incentive delay (eMID) task.…”

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At‐risk alcohol users have disrupted valence discrimination during reward anticipation

et al. 2022

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Alcohol use disorder is characterised by disrupted reward learning, underpinned by dysfunctional cortico‐striatal reward pathways, although relatively little is known about the biology of reward processing in populations who engage in risky alcohol use. Cues that trigger reward anticipation can be categorized according to their learnt valence (i.e., positive vs. negative outcomes) and motivational salience (i.e., incentive vs. neutral cues). Separating EEG signals associated with these dimensions is challenging because of their inherent collinearity, but the recent application of machine learning methods to single EEG trials affords a solution. Here, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to quantify risky alcohol use, with participants split into high alcohol (HA) (n = 22, mean AUDIT score: 13.82) and low alcohol (LA) (n = 22, mean AUDIT score: 5.77) groups. We applied machine learning multivariate single‐trial classification to the electroencephalography (EEG) data collected during reward anticipation. The LA group demonstrated significant valence discrimination in the early stages of reward anticipation within the cue‐P3 time window (400–550 ms), whereas the HA group was insensitive to valence within this time window. Notably, the LA, but not the HA group demonstrated a relationship between single‐trial variability in the early valence component and reaction times for gain and loss trials. This study evidences disrupted hypoactive valence sensitivity in the HA group, revealing potential neurophysiological markers for risky drinking behaviours which place individuals at‐risk of adverse health events.

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The potential application of event‐related potentials to enhance research on reward processes in eating disorders

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et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Reward‐related processes have been posited as key mechanisms underlying the onset and persistence of eating disorders, prompting a growing body of research in this area. Existing studies have primarily utilized self‐report, behavioral, and functional magnetic resonance imaging measures to interrogate reward among individuals with eating disorders. However, limitations inherent in each of these methods (e.g., poor temporal resolution) may obscure distinct neurocognitive reward processes, potentially contributing to underdeveloped models of reward dysfunction within eating disorders. The temporal precision of event‐related potentials (ERPs), derived from electroencephalography, may thus offer a powerful complementary tool for elucidating the neurocognitive underpinnings of reward. Indeed, a considerable amount of research in other domains of psychopathology (e.g., depression, substance use disorders), as well as studies investigating food reward among non‐clinical samples, highlights the utility of ERPs for probing reward processes. However, no study to date has utilized ERPs to directly examine reward functioning in eating disorders. Methods In this paper, we review evidence underscoring the clinical utility of ERP measures of reward, as well as a variety of reward‐related tasks that can be used to elicit specific ERP components with demonstrated relevance to reward processing. We then consider the ways in which these tasks/components may be used to help answer a variety of open questions within the eating disorders literature on reward. Results/Discussion Given the promise of ERP measures of reward to the field of eating disorders, we ultimately hope to spur and guide research in this currently neglected area. Public Significance Abnormalities in reward functioning appear to contribute to eating disorders. Event‐related potentials (ERPs) offer temporally precise measures of neurocognitive reward processing and thus may be important tools for understanding the relationship between reward and disordered eating. However, research in this area is currently lacking. This paper attempts to facilitate the use of ERPs to study reward among individuals with eating disorders by reviewing the relevant theories and methods.

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Aberrant reward prediction errors in young adult at‐risk alcohol users

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Interactions between methodological and interindividual variability: How Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task contrast maps vary and impact associations with behavior

Interactions between methodological and interindividual variability: How Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task contrast maps vary and impact associations with behavior

At‐risk alcohol users have disrupted valence discrimination during reward anticipation

The potential application of event‐related potentials to enhance research on reward processes in eating disorders

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