Aberrant sexual development in the horse

Dp, Leadon

doi:10.1136/vr.120.14.348-b

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…fitting of protective equipment and the presence of a transport vehicle) and associate them with past transport experiences (Weeks et al., 2012). Horses which have experienced problematic transport, such as falls or whipping, tend to exhibit increased TRPBs during preloading (Leadon et al., 2008). Preloading TRPBs include signs of anxiety such as vocalisation, pawing, heightened locomotion and trembling (Waran et al., 2007a,b).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of equidae during transport

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2022

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of animal welfare legislation. This opinion deals with the protection of horses and donkeys during transport. While the opinion focuses primarily on road transport of horses, there are specific sections dealing with the transport of horses on roll-on-roll-off ferries, horses transported by air and the transport of donkeys. In addition, the opinion covers welfare concerns in relation to a specific scenario identified by the European Commission related to the transport of horses on long journeys to slaughterhouses. Current practices related to transport of horses during the different stages (preparation, loading and unloading, transit and the journey breaks) are described. Overall, 13 welfare consequences were identified as being highly relevant for the welfare of horses during transport based on severity, duration and frequency of occurrence: gastro-enteric disorders, handling stress, heat stress, injuries, isolation stress, motion stress, prolonged hunger, prolonged thirst, respiratory disorders, resting problems, restriction of movement, sensory overstimulation and separation stress. These welfare consequences and their animal-based measures are described. A variety of hazards were identified related to factors such as inexperienced/untrained handlers, lack of horse training, structural deficiencies of vehicles/facilities, poor driving skills/conditions, horse separation/regrouping, unfavourable microclimatic and environmental conditions and poor husbandry practices. The opinion contains general and specific conclusions in relation to the different stages of transport. Recommendations to prevent hazards and correct or mitigate welfare consequences have been developed. Recommendations were also developed to define quantitative thresholds for microclimatic conditions within the means of transport and for space allowance. The development of welfare consequences over time was assessed in relation to maximum journey time.

show abstract

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of equidae during transport

Nielsen¹,

Álvarez²,

Bicout³

et al. 2022

EFS2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…With the finding of the present case one can strongly indicate that analysis of a second cell line in the presumptive XX equine sex reversal cases should be undertaken before the XX sex reversal syndrome can be confirmed in horses similar to the well documented syndrome in man (De la Chapelle 1972) and other species (Lyon, Cattanach and Charlton 1981). Tissue limited mosaicism should also be excluded as one of the possible causes of intersexuality in the recently reported horse which is clinically incompatible with the XXX sex chromosome complement reported from a lymphocyte culture (Moreno-Millan, Delgado Bermejo and Lopez Castillo As Leadon (1987) has discussed, such intersex individuals, particularly in the Thoroughbred breed, present considerable difficulty for both the veterinary profession and the stud book or pedigree registration authorities. The apparent clinical uniformity of presentation of these intersex cases caused by many different aetiologies in the horse may make a decision on international procedures for registration of sex in these cases somewhat easier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Diploid ‐ triploid chimaerism (64, XX/96, XXY) in an intersex foal

Power

Leadon

1990

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Equids are widely used and transported between geographic regions and strangles continues to spread as rapidly as ever (Leadon et al, 2008; Mitchell et al, 2021). Strangles is endemic worldwide, with only Iceland remaining free from the disease, due to a self‐imposed import ban of equids and geographical isolation (Björnsdóttir et al, 2017).…”

Section: Streptococcus Equimentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the understanding, detection and management of equine strangles

McLinden

Freeman

Daly

et al. 2023

Equine Veterinary Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryStreptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) is the causative organism of the upper respiratory disease of equids, strangles, characterised by pyrexia, lymphadenopathy and mucopurulent nasal discharge. Strangles was first reported over 750 years ago and continues to be of significance in equine populations across the globe. This review discusses how S. equi has adapted, the clinical manifestation of strangles, and how clinicians and caregivers can tackle the disease in the future. S. equi evolved from the commensal, and occasionally opportunistic pathogen, Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus refining its capabilities as it became host restricted. The success of S. equi can be attributed to its ability to cause both acute and persistent infection, the latter occurring in about 10% of those infected. In this carrier state, S. equi persists in the guttural pouch without causing clinical signs, intermittently shedding into the environment, and encountering naïve animals. Insight into the S. equi genome and lifestyle has led to advances in diagnostic assays and the development of a safe and efficacious recombinant‐fusion vaccine, giving clinicians and caregivers the tools to better combat this infection. Alongside rigorous biosecurity protocols and pragmatic control measures such as screening new arrivals for exposure and carrier status, these new technologies demonstrate that strangles can be an increasingly preventable infection.

show abstract

Aberrant sexual development in the horse

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Welfare of equidae during transport

Welfare of equidae during transport

Diploid ‐ triploid chimaerism (64, XX/96, XXY) in an intersex foal

Advances in the understanding, detection and management of equine strangles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About