Ability of mini-implant–facilitated micro-osteoperforations to accelerate tooth movement in rats

Abstract

Introduction While current techniques for accelerated tooth movement (ATM) often involve invasive surgical procedures, micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) using mini-implants (MI) may facilitate orthodontic tooth movement without raising flaps, reducing surgical risks and increasing patient acceptance. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of MI-facilitated MOPs in inducing ATM and investigated potential risks for root resorption. Methods Five MOPs were placed on the left side around the maxillary first molars in six rats using an automated MI driver, while the right side received no MOPs as a control. Closed-coiled springs were secured from incisors to first molars for orthodontic tooth movement. Tooth movement was measured and samples underwent radiological and histological analyses. Results The MOP side exhibited a 1.86-fold increase in the rate of tooth movement with decreased bone density and decreased bone volume around first molars compared to the control. H&E and TRAP analysis showed increased numbers of osteoclasts as well as new bone formation. Three dimensional volumetric analysis of all five roots of maxillary first molars demonstrated no statistically significant difference in root volumes. Conclusions MI-facilitated MOPs accelerated tooth movement without increased risk for root resorption, and therefore may become a readily available and efficient treatment option to shorten orthodontic treatment time with improved patient acceptance.

Effect of mini-screw-facilitated micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a single-center, split-mouth, randomized, controlled trial

“…As a direct result, they opt for alternative methods such as implants or veneers; with less than optimal outcomes [2]. The increased demand for rapid orthodontic treatment has led to the introduction of several methods, which also reduce potential risks of dental and periodontal complications such as external apical root resorption, high levels of dental caries, and subsequent gingivitis and periodontitis [3][4][5]. Some of the proposed methods are adequate use of brackets, controlling force levels, and relying on less friction bracket systems, photobiomodulation, pharmacological approaches, or low-intensity laser irradiation [6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…RAP was first used in the Wilckodontics treatment method and has proven effective in accelerating tooth movement [20]. However, this method has the disadvantage of requiring a corticotomy surgical procedure; involving cuts in the cortical bone, raising the split-thickness flap, and bone decortication [3,20]. Corticotomy techniques have been effective in inducing rapid tooth movement [21].…”

Micro-Osteoperforations

“…A new method which uses micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) to stimulate alveolar bone remodeling without the disadvantages of surgery such as the requirement of corticotomies, cuts in cortical bone, raising split-thickness flap, and decorticating the bone has recently been identified [5,12]. Animal studies revealed that micro-osteoperforations significantly stimulate expression of inflammatory markers and increase the number of osteoclasts and bone resorption.…”

Effect of flapless osteoperforation-assisted tooth movement on atrophic alveolar ridge: Histomorphometric and gene-enrichment analysis

“…9,10 This technique has clinical benefits including no need for flap reflection, suturing, surgical malleting, or oscillation, which cause patient discomfort. The current study applied this technique with minor surgical modification of the atrophic alveolar ridge model on the assumption that tissue healing and the repair process in the atrophic ridge might elicit tissue responses to OTM different from those that occur in sound alveolar bone.…”