Abiotic stresses differentially affect the expression of O-methyltransferase genes related to methoxypyrazine biosynthesis in seeded and parthenocarpic fruits of Vitis vinifera (L.)

Vallarino, José G.; Gainza, Felipe; Verdugo-Alegría, Claudio; González, Enrique; Moreno, Yerko

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.097

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…117 An increase in berry MPs was reported (analyzed at metabolite and molecular levels) when Carmènere plants were exposed to water stress and lateral shoot removal. 118 An increase in MPs was also seen in wine produced from treated berries. Although it is not possible to separate water stress from leaf-removal effects, the practices (often used to reduce MPs herbaceous aroma) seemed to affect the wine's quality negatively when used together.…”

Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The olfactory detection threshold of MPs is as low as 2 ng mL −1 and becomes undesirable above this threshold . An increase in berry MPs was reported (analyzed at metabolite and molecular levels) when Carmènere plants were exposed to water stress and lateral shoot removal . An increase in MPs was also seen in wine produced from treated berries.…”

Section: Agronomic Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of agronomic practices on grape aroma composition: a review

et al. 2018

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Aroma compounds are secondary metabolites that play a key role in grape quality for enological purposes. Terpenes, C -norisoprenoids, phenols, and non-terpenic alcohols are the most important aroma compounds in grapes and they can be found as free volatiles or glycoconjugated (bound) molecules. The non-volatile glycosylated group is the largest, and it is present in all varieties of Vitis vinifera (L.), the most widely used species for wine production. These aroma precursors represent the reserve of aroma molecules that can be released during winemaking. Their relative and absolute concentrations at fruit ripening determine the organoleptic value of the final product. A large range of biotic and abiotic factors can influence their biosynthesis in several ways. Agronomic practices such as irrigation, training systems, leaf removal, and bunch thinning can have an effect at plant level. The spraying of stimulatory compounds on fruit at different developmental stages has also been shown to modify metabolic pathways at fruit level with some impact on the aroma composition of the grapevine fruit. Viticulturists could act to promote aroma precursors to improve the aromatic profile of grapes and the wine ultimately produced. However, agronomic practices do not always have uniform results. The metabolic and physiological changes resulting from agronomic practices are unknown because there has not been sufficient research to date. This review presents the state of the art regarding the influences of vineyard agronomic management on the biosynthesis of grape aroma compounds. Although literature regarding the topic is abundant there are still many unknown biological mechanisms involved and/or that have been insufficiently studied. The aim of this work is therefore to find the gaps in scientific literature so that future investigations can focus on them. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Agronomic Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of agronomic practices on grape aroma composition: a review

et al. 2018

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“…Stress induced by a combination of lateral shoot removal and water deficit (T-3) was conducted to detect the changes in VvOMT. The results show that the timing of VvOMT3 mRNA expression in developing seeded berries is associated with the period of IBMP accumulation in samples from the T-3 group [67]. In summary, irrigation, especially during grape ripening, will increase the MP contents and lead to striking vegetal or bell-pepper odor.…”

Section: Rainfall Humidity and Irrigationmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The relation between gene expression and MP biosynthesis to some extent accounts for VvOMT gene function. The pattern of VvOMT gene expression over time generally mirrors MP biogeneration, that is, increasing before veraison and then decreasing [30,33,67]. However, there is a one-to three-week delay between the VvOMT expression peak and the highest IBMP concentration [30,33].…”

Section: O-methylationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In viticultural practices, the dynamics and regulation of MP biosynthesis and accumulation in grapevines are key to controlling MP levels in wine [25]. VvOMT gene expression and the dynamic changes in MPs in response to several management measures, such as light exposure [30]; leaf removal and light exposure [33]; and sunlight restriction, lateral shoot removal, and water deficit [67], have been investigated. However, the relationship between environmental factors and the gene regulatory sequences has not been established.…”

Section: Environmental Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significance and Transformation of 3-Alkyl-2-Methoxypyrazines Through Grapes to Wine: Olfactory Properties, Metabolism, Biochemical Regulation, and the HP–MP Cycle

Zhao

Wei

et al. 2019

Molecules

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3-Alkyl-2-methoxypyrazines (MPs) contribute to the herbaceous flavor characteristics of wine and are generally considered associated with poor-quality wine. To control the MPs in grapes and wine, an accurate understanding of MP metabolism is needed. This review covers factors affecting people in the perception of MPs. Also, the history of O-methyltransferases is revisited, and the present review discusses the MP biosynthesis, degradation, and biochemical regulation. We propose the existence of a cycle between MPs and 3-alkyl-2-hydropyrazines (HPs), which proceeds via O-(de)methylation steps. This cycle governs the MP contents of wines, which make the cycle the key participant in MP regulation by genes, environmental stimuli, and microbes. In conclusion, a comprehensive metabolic pathway on which the HP–MP cycle is centered is proposed after gaining insight into their metabolism and regulation. Some directions for future studies on MPs are also proposed in this paper.

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Metabolite Profiling in Plants

Osorio

Vallarino

2017

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Advances in analytical chemistry, computation and biotechnology have led to the recent development of methodologies for broad metabolite profiling. Metabolomics now plays a significant role in fundamental plant biology and applied biotechnology. The study of plant metabolism has been one of the first beneficiaries of these technologies, and applications have focused on plant metabolite engineering, functional genomics and physiology. Metabolomics has gained importance in biotechnology applications, as exemplified by quantitative loci analysis. Integration of different broad‐range metabolite profiling into genomics approaches (system biology) driven by metabolome data will bring a change in our understanding of the regulation of metabolic networks and, therefore, facilitate improvements in our understanding of plant breeding. Key Concepts Metabolomics is defined as the quantitative complement of low‐molecular‐weight metabolites present in a cell under a given set of physiological conditions. Systems biology is the combination of molecular and system‐level studies applying a synergistic approach involving modelling, theory and experiment. Metabolite marker is a metabolite that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes or specific trait. Metabolic phenotype is the products of interactions among a variety of factors such as environment or genetic perturbation. Functional genomics is the field of molecular biology that uses many possible approaches (i.e. genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) to understand the properties and function of the entirety of an organism's genes and gene products.

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Abiotic stresses differentially affect the expression of O-methyltransferase genes related to methoxypyrazine biosynthesis in seeded and parthenocarpic fruits of Vitis vinifera (L.)

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Impact of agronomic practices on grape aroma composition: a review

Impact of agronomic practices on grape aroma composition: a review

Significance and Transformation of 3-Alkyl-2-Methoxypyrazines Through Grapes to Wine: Olfactory Properties, Metabolism, Biochemical Regulation, and the HP–MP Cycle

Metabolite Profiling in Plants

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