Abnormal and Cytoplasmic Connection of Guard Cells of Stomata of Leafs of Six Species of the Monocots

Abstract

The present investigation describes abnormal stomata and cytoplasmic connections between guard cells of neighboring stomata in mature leafs of six species of the monocots. The study is made on leaves of Amaryllis reticulate L. Her., Narcissus pseudonarcissus L., Iris langport Wern., Crocus sativus L., Ixiolirion tataricum (Pall.) and Allium cepa L. anomocytic stomata type was observed in all species. Several stomata abnormally include single guard cells, aborted guard cells arrested developments and cytoplasmic connection between guard cells of neighboring stomata was common to all species except in Allium cepa wasn't observed cytoplasmic connection.

Stomata in Close Contact: The Case of Pancratium maritimum L. (Amaryllidaceae)

“…The connection observed between the two stomata crosses the cytoplasm of the intervening pavement cell approximately in the middle of the distance between its periclinal cell walls (brackets in Figure 6 e). Though until now this connection has been characterized as “cytoplasmic,” [ 20 , 22 , 24 , 25 ], the findings of this study reveal that this connection does not consist of any membranous material (i.e., no staining with FM 4.64 or no effect on it when epidermal peels were subjected to a hypertonic solution) and should be considered as a cell wall strand. This cell wall strand contains fully and partially methylesterified homogalacturonans, homogalacturonans with low levels of methylesterification associated with each other by calcium bridges, and nonesterified homogalacturonans (LM20, LM18, 2F4, LM19 respectively).…”

“…The considered species were Agapanthus umbellatus, Allium cepa, Allium sativa, Allium tuberosum, Amaryllis belladonna, Amaryllis yittate, Nerine curvifolia, Crinum zeylanicum, Crinum asiatisum, Cyrtanthus mackenii, Zephyranthes candida, Cooperia pedunculata, Haemanthus multiflorus, Pancratium verecundum and Narcissus tazetta. In addition, connected stomata (with the percentage of connected stomata to vary among the species) have been identified in Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Amaryllis reticulata, Crocus sativus, Ixiolirion tataricum, and Iris Langport Wren, while other morphological peculiarities of stomata were also found in Amaryllis reticulatα , Narcissus pseudonarcissus , Iris Langport Wren, Crocus sativus , and Ixiolirion tataricum but not in Allium cepa [ 25 ]. In accordance, we observed connected stomata in the species Hessea incana, Strumaria aestivalis, Gethyllis verticillata, Haemanthus albiflos, Galanthus reginae-olgae, Pancratium canariense, Sternbergia lutea, Leucocoryne purpurea and Pancratium maritimum , upon which we focused our research.…”

“…The connection strands between the guard cells of two neighboring stomata are an interesting feature, encountered in the leaves of Amaryllis spp., Crinum asiaticum and Pancratium spp., all representatives of the Amaryllidaceae family. It has been reported [ 25 ], that these connections are protrusions emerging from one of the adjacent cells of the stomata, growing until they finally meet and fuse with the neighboring stoma. It has been hypothesized that the cell wall decomposes at the point of contact and a communication channel develops between the two neighboring stomata.…”