The present investigation describes abnormal stomata and cytoplasmic connections between guard cells of neighboring stomata in mature leafs of six species of the monocots. The study is made on leaves of Amaryllis reticulate L. Her., Narcissus pseudonarcissus L., Iris langport Wern., Crocus sativus L., Ixiolirion tataricum (Pall.) and Allium cepa L. anomocytic stomata type was observed in all species. Several stomata abnormally include single guard cells, aborted guard cells arrested developments and cytoplasmic connection between guard cells of neighboring stomata was common to all species except in Allium cepa wasn't observed cytoplasmic connection.

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Background: β-Hematin (Hemozoin) was synthised inside human erythrocyte by malaria parasite. The parasite avoids the toxic effects by polymerizing heme molecules into insoluble crystalline β-Hematin. C. botrys and A. annua used for the treatment of diseases like malaria, hepatitis, cancers, and inflammations. Objective: Determine of antimalarial and anti-protozoa effects of A. anuuae and C. botrys. Method: C. botrys and A. annua terpenoids were extracted by acetonitrile. The antimalarial activity of plant extracts was evaluated by in vitro β-Hematin formation. Some ciliates were tested by 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mgml -1 of C. botrys and A. annua extracts. Total terpenoid were measured by spectrophotometry method. The terpenoid extracts were determined by TLC and GC-MS. Results: Terpenoids effects on Paramecium and other ciliates was movement inhibition and cell targeting and cilia isolating induction and cell disjointing. Anti-malarial study on β-Hematin formation showed that acetonirile and aquatic extracts of shoots and roots of two species are antimalaria. Inhibiting effects of acetonirile and aquatic extracts of A. annua shoots were much of double effects of shoots of acetonirile extracts of C. botrys and aquatic extracts of A. annua root. Total terpenoids of two plants were 0.317-4.46 mgg -1 dw. TLC and GC/MS analysis showed that the acetonirile extract of A. annua contains artemisinin and several kinds of terpenoids, but in extracts of C. botrys with highe terpenoids content didn't find artemisinin. Conclusion: The inhibiting effects of C. botrys on some ciliates and in vitro β-Hematin formation is from other terpenes in the extracts probably.

Lamperanthus spectabilis and Aptenia cordifolia (Aiozaceae) are two ornamental plants. A little information is available about their active compounds and meiosis’ process.  In this study, the phenolic content, antioxidant activity, allelopathy effects and meiosis’ process of pollen mother cells of L. spectabilis and A. cordifolia were studied. The alcohol extract was used for phenol, antioxidant and allelopathy assay along with young buds for meiosis study. The stamens and petals of both plants possessed the highest phenol and antioxidant effects. All extracts of L. spectabilis and A. cordifolia had small inhibitory effects on mungbeen seed germination and seedlings growth. The allelopathy effect of both plants on barley seed germination and seedlings growth was significant especially for A. cordifolia. The count of chromosomes in meiosis revealed that the chromosome number of A. cordifolia was 2n=12 and 2n=18 for L. spetabilis.  The meiosis in both plants was normal and the chromosomes were very small. Our results revealed that the extracts of all organs of both plants; specially stamens and petals, have a lot antioxidant activity. They had not allelopathic effects on seed germination’ and seedlings growth’ mungbeen and barley. Chromosome number of two plants was different but meiosis process and chromosomes size was similar.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

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