Abnormal surround inhibition does not affect asymptomatic limbs in people with cervical dystonia

McDougall, Laura; Kiernan, Dovin; Kiss, Zelma H. T.; Suchowersky, Oksana; Welsh, Timothy N.

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.07.025

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Thus, in healthy volunteers, excitability of the ADM muscle to TMS is reduced just prior to voluntary contraction of FDI. This relative inhibition was reduced in focal hand dystonia (Sohn et al , 2004, Beck et al , 2008, but was recently shown to be normal in small group of patients with CD (n=7) (McDougall et al , 2015). Here, we found a modest trend towards a deficit in SI in the hand of patients with CD, in the predicted direction.…”

Section: Motorcortical Inhibitory Function Of Unaffected Body Parts Isupporting

confidence: 56%

Cortical inhibitory function in cervical dystonia

Ganos

Ferrè

Marotta

et al. 2018

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Section: Motorcortical Inhibitory Function Of Unaffected Body Parts Isupporting

confidence: 56%

Cortical inhibitory function in cervical dystonia

Ganos

Ferrè

Marotta

et al. 2018

Clinical Neurophysiology

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“…Higher sensory functions have consistently been reported to be impaired bilaterally (Molloy et al, 2003); similar impairments in brainstem reflexes have been reported in patients with CD (Nakashima et al, 1990). Recent MEP and SEP studies only found abnormal surround inhibition in the hemisphere contralateral to the affected body part; median nerve stimulation, for instance, revealed a lateralization of the precentral P22/N30 components to the contralateral hemisphere, when the splenius capitis muscle was involved, and to the ipsilateral hemisphere, when the sternocleidomastoid muscle was involved (Kanovský et al, 2003; Kanovský et al, 1997)(McDougall et al, 2015). Asymmetric BG output has also been described in patients with CD (Moll et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause or effect: Altered brain and network activity in cervical dystonia is partially normalized by botulinum toxin treatment

Brodoehl

Wagner

Prell

et al. 2019

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Background Idiopathic cervical dystonia (CD) is a chronic movement disorder characterized by impressive clinical symptoms and the lack of clear pathological findings in clinical diagnostics and imaging. At present, the injection of botulinum toxin (BNT) in dystonic muscles is an effective therapy to control motor symptoms and pain in CD. Objectives We hypothesized that, although it is locally injected to dystonic muscles, BNT application leads to changes in brain and network activity towards normal brain function. Methods Using 3 T functional MR imaging along with advanced analysis techniques (functional connectivity, Granger causality, and regional homogeneity), we aimed to characterize brain activity in CD (17 CD patients vs. 17 controls) and to uncover the effects of BNT treatment (at 6 months). Results In CD, we observed an increased information flow within the basal ganglia, the thalamus, and the sensorimotor cortex. In parallel, some of these structures became less responsive to regulating inputs. Furthermore, our results suggested an altered somatosensory integration. Following BNT administration, we noted a shift towards normal brain function in the CD patients, especially within the motor cortex, the somatosensory cortex, and the basal ganglia. Conclusion The changes in brain function and network activity in CD can be interpreted as related to the underlying cause, the effort to compensate or a mixture of both. Although BNT is applied in the last stage of the cortico-neuromuscular pathway, brain patterns are shifted towards those of healthy controls.

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“…28 Motor surround inhibition is the neural mechanism that focuses motor output to the moving muscles and actively inhibits muscles not involved in the task. 42 Surround inhibition was initially reported to be reduced in patients with focal hand dystonia 42 but normal in the asymptomatic limbs of patients with cervical dystonia 43 and in psychogenic dystonia. 24 However, a recent study in cervical dystonia and focal hand dystonia patients, compared with healthy subjects, 44 reported normal though more variable motor surround inhibition in both groups of patients.…”

Section: Motor Cortexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten‐Year Reflections on the Neurophysiological Abnormalities of Focal Dystonias in Humans

et al. 2019

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The physiological landscape of dystonia has changed considerably over the past 10 years. Initial ideas that dystonic motor symptoms could be explained by a combination of loss of inhibition and increased plasticity, together with subtle deficits in sensory processing, have been questioned, whereas the possible role of the cerebellum has risen in importance. In addition, it has been recognized that symptoms affect more than just the motor and sensory systems and encompass independent cognitive and psychological changes. Finally, it has become clear that, despite similarities in symptoms, there may be pathophysiological differences between idiopathic, inherited, and acquired forms of dystonia. In other words, progress in the pathophysiology of dystonia has followed the usual pattern from an initial phase in which core deficits are readily explained by highly simplified models to a realization that within a highly interconnected network, effects are more nuanced with widespread changes that might either compensate or contribute to the clinical symptoms to different degrees in different individuals. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

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Abnormal surround inhibition does not affect asymptomatic limbs in people with cervical dystonia

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Cortical inhibitory function in cervical dystonia

Cortical inhibitory function in cervical dystonia

Cause or effect: Altered brain and network activity in cervical dystonia is partially normalized by botulinum toxin treatment

Ten‐Year Reflections on the Neurophysiological Abnormalities of Focal Dystonias in Humans

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