Abrasive WaterJet Machining of Thick Carrara Marble: Cutting Performance vs. Profile, Lagging and WaterJet Angle Assessments

Abstract

This paper deals with an assessment of the machined surface created by abrasive waterjet technology regarding its cutting performance versus profile, lagging and waterjet angle assessments. The results of the experiments presented in this study are with regard to Carrara marble. The machined surfaces were measured in seven different locations across a 40 mm depth of cut by a high precision contact-type profilometer and thus assessed using the standardized amplitude parameters of the profile distribution. The lagging and waterjet angle were also evaluated by creating a digital photo of the machined surface together with a reference gauge. The existence of machining marks on the machined surface has been mostly noticeable in the bottom zone around ~20 mm depth of cut down to jet exit. This investigation leads to a conclusion that, stand-off distance and traverse rate play the roles of the utmost importance in considerations of the machined surface quality in contrast to abrasive mass flow rate. In addition, while the striation zone (rough surface) cannot be eliminated entirely, by selecting proper process parameters, a smooth cutting machined surface can be accomplished.

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“…Here, all FDM 3D fabricated parts were measured using a contact-type Taly Details of an engineering surface roughness measurement procedure have been already reported elsewhere [36]- [43] and are only briefly summarized here.…”

Experimental Investigation of Wire-EDM Process Parameters for Surface Roughness in the Machining of Carbon Steel 1017 and Aluminum Alloy 6060

“…The traces were auto-leveled, set up to a linear least-squares (LLS) straight line and then filtered with a standard lowpass of 0.8 mm cut-off wavelength and filter CR ISO. Details of the average surface roughness measurements procedure and calibration trials have been reported elsewhere [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. In general, the calibration results showed that the cantilever beam system (stylus with beam) at only one end was a linear mass-spring system (R 2 > 0.999) under operational and environmental conditions, generally at 20°C ± 1°C temperature and 40% ± 5% relative humidity, with an absolute uncertainties value of < 1% and measurement resolution down to at worst 50 nm.…”

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