Absence of gut microbiota affects lipid metabolism in the prefrontal cortex of mice

Abstract

Despite decades of intensive research on major depressive disorder (MDD), the pathogenesis of MDD is still unclear and the objectively diagnostic method remains unavailable. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess whether alpha 1-antitrypsin (AAT) could be a potential biomarker for diagnosing MDD. Here, the levels of AAT, liver function-related indicators, renal function-related indicators, blood lipids-related indicators, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, homocysteine and transferrin were detected. The orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was used to find the differential variables, Random Forest was used to identify the simplified biomarker panel, and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the identified panel. In total, 86 MDD patients and 99 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Finally, we found nine differential variables between MDD patients and HCs, and a potential biomarker panel consisting of AAT, albumin (ALB) and apolipoprotein A1 (APOA) was identified. This panel could effectively separate MDD patients from HCs in two independent samples sets. The level of AAT was significantly negatively correlated with HDRS score and improved after antidepressant treatment. Meanwhile, MDD patients with suicide idea or behavior had significantly lower AAT levels compared to MDD patients without suicide idea or behavior. Our results suggested that AAT held the promise to become a potential biomarker for diagnosing MDD, and also might be a potential novel therapeutic target for MDD.

Impact of Gut Microbiota and Microbiota-Related Metabolites on Hyperlipidemia

“…Normal gut microbiota is essential in maintaining lipid-metabolism homeostasis ( Fu et al., 2015 ; Chen et al., 2019 ). Compared with CV mice, GF mice show a lower level of TG in the adipose tissue and the liver but a higher level of TG in the circulatory system ( Velagapudi et al., 2010 ).…”

The role of probiotic intervention in regulating gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids and depression-like behavior in lead-exposed rats

“…Probiotic intervention can relieve the depressionlike behavior of lead-exposed rats and affect the alteration of the gut microbiome, while the fecal SCFAs could be a possible adjuvant therapy of depression. GF mice, and found that GF mice exhibited anxiety and depression-like behaviors, and also that this anxiety could be reversed after recolonization of normal flora, while depression-like behaviors could not be reversed [25]. Jiang et al [26] studied the correlation between depression and the alteration of microbial diversity in human intestinal microflora.…”

Stress and the Role of the Gut–Brain Axis in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia: A Literature Review

“…In another study, it was shown that the gut microbiome can modify the key metabolites synthesis which are affecting the prefrontal cortex gene expression [ 109 ]. Furthermore, gut microbiome absence can influence the mice prefrontal cortex lipid metabolism [ 110 ].…”