Absence of gut microbiota during early life affects anxiolytic Behaviors and monoamine neurotransmitters system in the hippocampal of mice

Pan, Junxi; Deng, Feng-Li; Zeng, Benhua; Zheng, Peng; Liang, Weiwei; Yin, Bangmin; Wu, Jing; Dong, Mei-Xue; Luo, Yuanyuan; Wang, Haiyang; Wei, Hong; Xie, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2019.03.027

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…A dysregulated gut microbiota translates to a shift in the production of neuroactive metabolites and alters host neurotransmitter circuitry. This corresponds with disrupted levels of neurotransmitters in the brain of GF mice (Diaz Heijtz et al, 2011;Neufeld et al, 2011;Clarke et al, 2013;Pan et al, 2019). Altered neurotransmitter profile (e.g., GABA, Glu, 5-HT, FIGURE 1 | The maladaptive microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis in the pathophysiology of depression.…”

Section: Dysregulated Mgb Axis In Depression: Chronic Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2020

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The accumulating knowledge of the host-microbiota interplay gives rise to the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis. The MGB axis depicts the interkingdom communication between the gut microbiota and the brain. This communication process involves the endocrine, immune and neurotransmitters systems. Dysfunction of these systems, along with the presence of gut dysbiosis, have been detected among clinically depressed patients. This implicates the involvement of a maladaptive MGB axis in the pathophysiology of depression. Depression refers to symptoms that characterize major depressive disorder (MDD), a mood disorder with a disease burden that rivals that of heart diseases. The use of probiotics to treat depression has gained attention in recent years, as evidenced by increasing numbers of animal and human studies that have supported the antidepressive efficacy of probiotics. Physiological changes observed in these studies allow for the elucidation of probiotics antidepressive mechanisms, which ultimately aim to restore proper functioning of the MGB axis. However, the understanding of mechanisms does not yet complete the endeavor in applying probiotics to treat MDD. Other challenges remain which include the heterogeneous nature of both the gut microbiota composition and depressive symptoms in the clinical setting. Nevertheless, probiotics offer some advantages over standard pharmaceutical antidepressants, in terms of residual symptoms, side effects and stigma involved. This review outlines antidepressive mechanisms of probiotics based on the currently available literature and discusses therapeutic potentials of probiotics for depression.

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Section: Dysregulated Mgb Axis In Depression: Chronic Stress Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

et al. 2020

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“…More and more data show the influence of the commensal gut microbiota in the development and progress of a variety of enteric, metabolic and inflammatory disorders. The absence of gut microbiota in germ-free mice induces an upregulation of the expression of GDNF in the hippocampus of these mice compared to specific-pathogen-free mice, which could lead to the reduced anxiety-like behaviors in the former [66]. However, further studies on the exact role of the GDNF pathway on neuropsychiatric disorders need to be performed.…”

Section: Interaction With Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the Role of Neurotrophic Factors in Inflammation

Morel

Domingues

Zimmer

et al. 2020

Cells

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The neurotrophic factors are well known for their implication in the growth and the survival of the central, sensory, enteric and parasympathetic nervous systems. Due to these properties, neurturin (NRTN) and Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which belong to the GDNF family ligands (GFLs), have been assessed in clinical trials as a treatment for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease. In addition, studies in favor of a functional role for GFLs outside the nervous system are accumulating. Thus, GFLs are present in several peripheral tissues, including digestive, respiratory, hematopoietic and urogenital systems, heart, blood, muscles and skin. More precisely, recent data have highlighted that different types of immune and epithelial cells (macrophages, T cells, such as, for example, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC) 3, dendritic cells, mast cells, monocytes, bronchial epithelial cells, keratinocytes) have the capacity to release GFLs and express their receptors, leading to the participation in the repair of epithelial barrier damage after inflammation. Some of these mechanisms pass on to ILCs to produce cytokines (such as IL-22) that can impact gut microbiota. In addition, there are indications that NRTN could be used in the treatment of inflammatory airway diseases and it prevents the development of hyperglycemia in the diabetic rat model. On the other hand, it is suspected that the dysregulation of GFLs produces oncogenic effects. This review proposes the discussion of the biological understanding and the potential new opportunities of the GFLs, in the perspective of developing new treatments within a broad range of human diseases.

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“…The gut microbiota is involved in the modulation of neurotransmitters via either neural, humoral or immune-mediated pathways. Dysregulation and alteration in the gut microbiota have been found to impair the neurotransmitter circuitry [117,119]. The vagus nerve is one of the crucial mediators between the gut and the brain via the neural pathway, which is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters by the gut microbiota [97,115].…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Role and Potential of Probiotics in the Field of Mental Health: Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2021

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The field of probiotic has been exponentially expanding over the recent decades with a more therapeutic-centered research. Probiotics mediated microbiota modulation within the microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) have been proven to be beneficial in various health domains through pre-clinical and clinical studies. In the context of mental health, although probiotic research is still in its infancy stage, the promising role and potential of probiotics in various mental disorders demonstrated via in-vivo and in-vitro studies have laid a strong foundation for translating preclinical models to humans. The exploration of the therapeutic role and potential of probiotics in major depressive disorder (MDD) is an extremely noteworthy field of research. The possible etio-pathological mechanisms of depression involving inflammation, neurotransmitters, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and epigenetic mechanisms potentially benefit from probiotic intervention. Probiotics, both as an adjunct to antidepressants or a stand-alone intervention, have a beneficial role and potential in mitigating anti-depressive effects, and confers some advantages compared to conventional treatments of depression using anti-depressants.

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Absence of gut microbiota during early life affects anxiolytic Behaviors and monoamine neurotransmitters system in the hippocampal of mice

Cited by 37 publications

References 50 publications

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

Antidepressive Mechanisms of Probiotics and Their Therapeutic Potential

Revisiting the Role of Neurotrophic Factors in Inflammation

Exploring the Role and Potential of Probiotics in the Field of Mental Health: Major Depressive Disorder

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