Absolute chronology of the Zedmar culture: Re-thinking radiocarbon dates

Kozicka, Magdalena

doi:10.1515/geochr-2015-0067

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Beaker cultures and that it reached the southeastern Baltic from western and southwestern directions (Timofeev et al 1994, p. 132;Timofeev 1998, p. 232). A recent analysis of Zedmar D radiocarbon dating samples suggests that the main phase belongs to the second half of the 5th millennium cal BC and the beginning of the 4th millennium cal BC (Kozicka 2017). Therefore, it is highly probable that the T-axes from this site also belong to the same time horizon.…”

Section: D Atmentioning

confidence: 81%

T-shaped antler axes in Lithuania : previously unrevealed Middle Holocene hunter-gatherer technology

Rimkus,

Butrimas,

Lübke

et al. 2023

Archaeologia Baltica

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This paper discusses one of the most characteristic hunter-gatherer osseous implements — the T-shaped antler axe. These are made from red deer (Cervus elaphus) antler beam by removing the trez tine and creating a perforation for a shaft in its place. This type of axe is quite widely known in the Late Mesolithic and Early Neolithic contexts of northern, western and central Europe. Until now, T-shaped antler axes have been only sporadically mentioned in research on Lithuanian prehistory. Ten T-axes are currently known from eight find locations, concentrated in western and southern Lithuania. These axes were mainly discovered as single finds during wetland drainage or peat extraction. Only two excavated sites contained T-axes in settlement refuse layers. This paper provides details of the find circumstances and technological features of all ten axes, as well as the results of AMS 14C dating. The dating suggests that this technology had already spread among hunter-gatherers in the territory of Lithuania as early as the second half of the 6th millennium, and continued at least until the transition to the 4th millennium cal BC.

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Section: D Atmentioning

confidence: 81%

T-shaped antler axes in Lithuania : previously unrevealed Middle Holocene hunter-gatherer technology

Rimkus,

Butrimas,

Lübke

et al. 2023

Archaeologia Baltica

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“…The beginnings of this pottery can be dated, based on recent publications, at around 4800/4700 BC. In the Masurian Lake District we also have early-Zedmar ceramics, from about 4300 BC [18], and probably single vessels of the early-Neman (Dubičai) type in the north-eastern Poland (Woźna Wieś?) that can be situated somewhere within the second half of the 5 th millennium BC [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The second stage of Neolithisation and para-Neolithic in the southern Baltic

Nowak

2017

Samara Journal of Science

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The origins of the Neolithic, understood as a phenomenon with food economy dependent on agriculture, in east-central Europe are associated with the appearance of communities reflected by the Linear Band Pottery culture (LBK) in ca . 5500 BC. These communities settled only small enclaves, distinguished by ecological conditions favourable to farming. Situation of this kind persisted in the 5th millennium BC, when territories under discussion were inhabited by post-Linear groups. Consequently, at that time, hunter-gatherers still occupied ca. 70% of these territories. Such situation changed from 4200/4100 BC onwards, due to the formation and spectacular territorial expansion of the Funnel Beaker culture (TRB). This expansion covered both the areas previously inhabited by hunter-gatherers and farmers. Around 3500 BC Neolithic formation encompassed virtually the whole of this part of Central Europe. Parallel to the first and second Neolithisations, independent processes of ceramisation of the Late Mesolithic communities proceeded. While in the 5th millennium BC they were fairly selective, in the 4th millennium BC they were quite intensive. A new cultural model formed here which might be called para-Neolithic. Archaeological data indicate contacts between TRB and para-Neolithic communities. The latter phenomena (mainly the Neman culture) show also a significant territorial development.

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“…Technologically and stylistically it stands very close to east-European Neolithic units, for instance the Dnieper-Doniec or Narva cultures. We should mention here early Zedmar ceramics in the Masurian Lake District (Kozicka 2017),…”

Section: Fig 2 Examples Of the Lbk Pottery From Site 3 In Miechów (Drawn By S Krishnevskaya; Layout By U Bąk)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The first vs. second stage of neolithisation in Polish territories (to say nothing of the third?)

Nowak

2019

Doc. praeh.

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The origins of the Neolithic in Polish territories are associated with migrations of groups of the Linear Band Pottery culture (LBK) after the mid-6th millennium BC. Communities of this culture only settled in enclaves distinguished by ecological conditions favourable to farming (‘LBK neolithisation’). This situation persisted into the 5th millennium BC, when these enclaves were inhabited by post-Linear groups. This state of affairs changed from c. 4000 BC onwards due to the formation and spectacular territorial expansion of the Funnel Beaker culture (TRB). In the territories under consideration this expansion covered the areas previously inhabited by both hunter-gatherers (‘TRB neolithisation’) and farmers. Some of the Late Mesolithic hunter-gatherers did not accept TRB patterns. They successfully carried on their traditional lifestyle until the Early Bronze Age although some changes in their material culture are visible (including ‘ceramisation’).

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Absolute chronology of the Zedmar culture: Re-thinking radiocarbon dates

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

T-shaped antler axes in Lithuania : previously unrevealed Middle Holocene hunter-gatherer technology

T-shaped antler axes in Lithuania : previously unrevealed Middle Holocene hunter-gatherer technology

The second stage of Neolithisation and para-Neolithic in the southern Baltic

The first vs. second stage of neolithisation in Polish territories (to say nothing of the third?)

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