Absolute Equation-of-State Measurement for Polystyrene from 25 to 60 Mbar Using a Spherically Converging Shock Wave

Döppner, T.; Swift, Damian; Kritcher, Andrea; Bachmann, B.; Collins, G. W.; Chapman, D. A.; Hawreliak, J.; Kraus, D.; Nilsen, Joseph; Rothman, S. D.; Benedict, Lorin X.; Dewald, E. L.; Fratanduono, D. E.; Gaffney, Jim; Glenzer, S. H.; Hamel, Sébastien; Landen, O. L.; Lee, H. J.; LePape, S.; Ma, T.; MacPhee, A. G.; Milathianaki, Despina; Millot, Marius; Neumayer, P.; Sterne, P. A.; Tommasini, R.; Falcone, R. W.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.025001

Cited by 53 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For the electronic exchange and correlation interactions, we use the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional 44 . It is noted that the PBE functional has been widely used in DFT calculations for warm-/hot-dense plasmas 12,[45][46][47] that showed good agreements with HED experiments; Our results presented here are insensitive to the choice of exchange-correlation functional, for which the localdensity approximation (LDA) gives essentially identical results, except for small energy shifts (see Supplementary Information). To sample the dense-plasma configurations, we have conducted molecular-dynamics simulations based on orbital-free DFT.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…For example, brown-dwarf cores and white dwarfs [1][2][3] can have a mass density of ρ = 10 3 -10 7 g cm −3 and temperatures up to~10 6 K. Thanks to technological advancements, such extreme states of matter can now be created in the laboratory using powerful lasers [4][5][6][7] and/or pulsed-power machines 8 . For instance, deuterium and tritium contained in a millimeter-size inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target can be squeezed to ρ = 10 2 -10 3 g cm −3 by powerful lasers through laserdriven compression and spherical convergence [9][10][11][12][13] . Using doubleshell implosions 14,15 , mid-/high-Z materials can be squeezed to super-high densities ranging from ρ = 10 3 -10 4 g cm −3 with a temperature ranging from tens to hundreds of electron volts (1 eV~11,604 K).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interspecies radiative transition in warm and superdense plasma mixtures

Karasiev

Recoules

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Superdense plasmas widely exist in planetary interiors and astrophysical objects such as brown-dwarf cores and white dwarfs. How atoms behave under such extreme-density conditions is not yet well understood, even in single-species plasmas. Here, we apply thermal density functional theory to investigate the radiation spectra of superdense iron-zinc plasma mixtures at mass densities of ρ = 250 to 2000 g cm −3 and temperatures of kT = 50 to 100 eV, accessible by double-shell-target implosions. Our ab initio calculations reveal two extreme atomic-physics phenomena-firstly, an interspecies radiative transition; and, secondly, the breaking down of the dipole-selection rule for radiative transitions in isolated atoms. Our first-principles calculations predict that for superdense plasma mixtures, both interatomic radiative transitions and dipole-forbidden transitions can become comparable to the normal intra-atomic Kα-emission signal. These physics phenomena were not previously considered in detail for extreme high-density plasma mixtures at super-high energy densities.

show abstract

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 57%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecies radiative transition in warm and superdense plasma mixtures

Karasiev

Recoules

et al. 2020

Nat Commun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the approach applied previously [3,4], the mass density was parameterized directly as a function of radius and time, ρ(r, t). The radial variation was defined in terms of a scaled radius between the time-varying shock and marker loci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experiments were performed at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). The experimental configuration was as described previously [2][3][4], and is summarized here for convenience. The sample material was prepared in the form of a sphere.…”

Section: Experimental Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneous compression and heating of matter by a shock wave has been used for over seven decades to induce and study the highest pressures accessible in bulk matter [1]. We have developed an experimental platform using pulsed lasers to generate a spherically-converging shock [2][3][4][5][6]. The speed and compression of the shock are inferred from x-ray radiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Improved analysis of converging shock radiographs

Swift¹,

Kritcher²,

Lazicki³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We previously reported an experimental platform to induce a spherically-convergent shock in a sample using laser-driven ablation, probed with time-resolved x-ray radiography, and an analysis method to deduce states along the principal shock Hugoniot simultaneously with the x-ray opacity.We have now developed a modified method of analysis that is numerically better-conditioned and faster, and usually provides a better representation of the radiograph with correspondingly lower uncertainties. The previous approach was based on optimizing parameters in a model of the density distribution as a function of radius and time, warped to follow loci such as the shock and the outside of the sample. The converging shock configuration can be described more efficiently in terms of the shocked density and sound speed, expressed as functions of the shock speed Studies of the Hugoniot from various theoretical equations of state (EOS) indicate that, in the typical range of states explored by these experiments, these functions can be described by low-order polynomials. Similarly, few-parameter functions were found suitable for representing the variation of x-ray opacity with shock pressure. This approach was found to perform better in most cases than an alternative method based on parameterization of the EOS.

show abstract