Absorption Behaviours of Copper, Lead, and Arsenic in Aqueous Solution Using Date Palm Fibres and Orange Peel: Kinetics and Thermodynamics

Abstract

In this study, date palm fibres and orange peel in both individual and hybrid forms were studied for the removal of copper, lead, and arsenic. Equilibrium was achieved after 150 minutes, and the highest and the lowest removal efficiencies were for Cu +2 and As(V), respectively. A slightly higher removal efficiency of metal ions using orange peel was observed, which could be due to the greater number of functional groups on the chemically pre-treated adsorbent. The highest removal was observed at pH 6, and the adsorption data exhibited a linear increase in metal removal capacity with increasing adsorbent concentrations from 0.1 to 2 g/L. A significantly higher removal efficiency was observed for a 45 µm particle size compared to larger particle sizes. Additionally, a 30-40% decrease in removal efficiencies was observed for all three heavy metal ions when using the date palm fibres or the hybrid adsorbent when the initial metal concentrations were increased from 20 to 80 mg/L. The Freundlich model agreed with the experimental data slightly better than the Langmuir model for both date palm fibres and the hybrid adsorbent. A pseudo second-order kinetic model better described the kinetic behaviour of As(V) adsorption on the investigated adsorbents. Date palm fibres exhibited exothermic adsorption, while both orange peel and the hybrid adsorbent displayed exothermic and endothermic reactions. Increased randomness at the solid-liquid interface was observed for all adsorbents, and the Gibbs free energy change values were negative, confirming the spontaneous nature of adsorption, which proceeded in the forward direction.

Removal of Arsenic from Aqueous Solution by Chemical Modification of Date Palm Bark

“…The low Arsenic elimination affectivity that was once observed at the pH price of eight might also be related with the response of Arsenic. This phenomenon is also pronounced by means of [1]. In contrast, the susceptible adsorption of Arsenic at pH 9 was once due to unfavourable alkaline conditions and electrostatic repulsion between anions.…”

“…Biomass-based bio adsorbents contain bio macromolecules such as amino, thiol, phenol and carboxyl groups. In addition, the system of bio sorption genuinely relies upon on the protonation and deprotonating of the purposeful groups [1]. It is imperative to consider that acidic pH resulted in higher Arsenic adsorption than did simple pH.…”

“…The research work performed through [23], showed that Arsenic can be eliminated from drinking water by means of zeolite, betonies, sepiolite, and pyrolusite and limonite, these all are inexpensive and typically available [17]. According to lookup through [1], Arsenic can be removed from drinking water via the usage of date palm fibres and orange peel and observed greater affectivity of the absorbent organized from the orange peel in contrast to date palm fibres [1]. In any other recent research for elimination of Arsenic, the researchers determined that activated carbon is a pricey technique to remove Arsenic, so they used date palm fibre to get rid of Arsenic from drinking water took place [31].…”

Removal of Lead and Cadmium Ions from Water Using Cladophora Biomass

“…In the biosorption method, pretreated natural substances such as seaweed or algae are used as sorbents of pollutants and become a promising alternative to the traditional physicochemical methods used for water treatment [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The Red Sea area features an important biodiversity hotspot for marine life organisms that is still being explored [13].…”

Determination of Adsorption Characteristics of Orange Peel Activated with Potassium Carbonate for Chromium(III) Removal

“…One of the most abundant wastes in food industry is the orange peel. In general, orange peel is used to remove the metal ions especially cadmium, lead, and copper from aqueous solutions (9)(10)(11)(12)(13). Studies in the literature have shown that physical and/or chemical activation improves the adsorbent properties of the orange peel such as porosity and surface area, and increases the number of available active sites.…”