Absorption of Mercury in Gold Films and Its Further Desorption:  Quantitative Morphological Study of the Surface Patterns

Fiałkowski, Marcin; Grzeszczak, Patrycja; Nowakowski, and Robert; Hołyst, Robert

doi:10.1021/jp0365413

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…an amalgam, is formed. [11][12][13] The mechanism of adsorption of other volatile mercury species, e.g. dimethylmercury and mercuric chloride is less well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated gold surfaces for the direct preconcentration of mercury species from natural waters

Zierhut

Leopold

Harwardt

et al. 2009

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…an amalgam, is formed. [11][12][13] The mechanism of adsorption of other volatile mercury species, e.g. dimethylmercury and mercuric chloride is less well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated gold surfaces for the direct preconcentration of mercury species from natural waters

Zierhut

Leopold

Harwardt

et al. 2009

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…The Au nanospikes based QCM was tested against that of the Au control QCM (both with a 100 nm e-beam evaporated Au electrode layer) at five different Hg 0 concentrations (C 1 = 1.02 mg/m 3 , C 2 = 1.87 mg/m 3 , C 3 = 3.65 mg/m 3 , C 4 = 5.70 mg/m 3 and C 5 = 10.55 mg/m 3 ± 0.05 mg/m 3 ) and an operating temperature of 101°C, the response of which are shown in Figure 5 . This operating temperature was chosen following many preliminary experiments in order to reduce the effects of cross contamination from other interferent gas species when detecting Hg 0 vapor while simultaneously reducing the effect of a morphology change that has been reported to occur over long periods of Hg 0 exposure at high operating temperatures closer to 150°C 23 24 . Furthermore, the operating temperature of 101°C is very similar to that used when sampling trace amounts of Hg 0 from industrial flue gas 25 as well as being the temperature at which all Hg 0 is collected by gold coatings in the diffusion screen (stainless steel mesh coated with Au) experiments reported by others 26 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanospikes based microsensor as a highly accurate mercury emission monitoring system

Sabri

Ippolito

Tardio

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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Anthropogenic elemental mercury (Hg0) emission is a serious worldwide environmental problem due to the extreme toxicity of the heavy metal to humans, plants and wildlife. Development of an accurate and cheap microsensor based online monitoring system which can be integrated as part of Hg0 removal and control processes in industry is still a major challenge. Here, we demonstrate that forming Au nanospike structures directly onto the electrodes of a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) using a novel electrochemical route results in a self-regenerating, highly robust, stable, sensitive and selective Hg0 vapor sensor. The data from a 127 day continuous test performed in the presence of volatile organic compounds and high humidity levels, showed that the sensor with an electrodeposted sensitive layer had 260% higher response magnitude, 3.4 times lower detection limit (~22 μg/m3 or ~2.46 ppbv) and higher accuracy (98% Vs 35%) over a Au control based QCM (unmodified) when exposed to a Hg0 vapor concentration of 10.55 mg/m3 at 101°C. Statistical analysis of the long term data showed that the nano-engineered Hg0 sorption sites on the developed Au nanospikes sensitive layer play a critical role in the enhanced sensitivity and selectivity of the developed sensor towards Hg0 vapor.

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“…It is observed that the surface morphology of each electrode has undergone a change following Hg exposure, as in agreement with previous studies. 35…”

Section: Results and Discussion Extrapolation Methods (Etzt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Hg sorption and diffusion behavior on ultra-thin films of gold using QCM response analysis and SIMS depth profiling

et al. 2012

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Using the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) technique, we demonstrate that the contribution of Hg adsorption and absorption on the sensor response profile can be distinguished by studying the dynamic response curve of QCM based Hg vapor sensors that employ an ultra-thin film of Au in the range of 10 to 40 nm thickness as the sensitive layer. The response magnitudes of the QCMs were extrapolated to zero thickness (ETZT) in an attempt to determine the contribution of adsorbed Hg on the sensor response magnitude and response profile. In general, the ratio of adsorbed to absorbed Hg on Au films is found to decrease with increased Hg vapor concentration. Furthermore, the same ratio was observed to decrease with increasing Au film thickness. The 10 nm and 40 nm Au films for example were found to contain adsorbed Hg content of 43.8% and 16.4%, respectively, with the balance attributed to absorption/amalgamation, when exposed to Hg vapor concentration of 10.55 mg m À3 for a period of 14 hours and an operating temperature of 28 C. In addition, the QCMs were characterized using secondary ion mass spectroscopy depth profiling in order to study the diffusion behaviour of Hg in the Au surfaces. It is deduced that in order to reduce Hg accumulation in Au thin films, a non-continuous type film (similar to the 10 nm ultra-thin Au sensitive layer morphology) would be more functional as a Hg sensitive layer where quick absorption and desorption processes are required.

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Absorption of Mercury in Gold Films and Its Further Desorption: Quantitative Morphological Study of the Surface Patterns

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Activated gold surfaces for the direct preconcentration of mercury species from natural waters

Activated gold surfaces for the direct preconcentration of mercury species from natural waters

Gold nanospikes based microsensor as a highly accurate mercury emission monitoring system

Investigation of Hg sorption and diffusion behavior on ultra-thin films of gold using QCM response analysis and SIMS depth profiling

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