Mercury pollution threatens the environment and human health across the globe. This neurotoxic substance is encountered in artisanal gold mining, coal combustion, oil and gas refining, waste incineration, chloralkali plant operation, metallurgy, and areas of agriculture in which mercury‐rich fungicides are used. Thousands of tonnes of mercury are emitted annually through these activities. With the Minamata Convention on Mercury entering force this year, increasing regulation of mercury pollution is imminent. It is therefore critical to provide inexpensive and scalable mercury sorbents. The research herein addresses this need by introducing low‐cost mercury sorbents made solely from sulfur and unsaturated cooking oils. A porous version of the polymer was prepared by simply synthesising the polymer in the presence of a sodium chloride porogen. The resulting material is a rubber that captures liquid mercury metal, mercury vapour, inorganic mercury bound to organic matter, and highly toxic alkylmercury compounds. Mercury removal from air, water and soil was demonstrated. Because sulfur is a by‐product of petroleum refining and spent cooking oils from the food industry are suitable starting materials, these mercury‐capturing polymers can be synthesised entirely from waste and supplied on multi‐kilogram scales. This study is therefore an advance in waste valorisation and environmental chemistry.
Few-layer black phosphorus (BP) is an emerging material of interest for applications in electronics. However, lack of ambient stability is hampering its incorporation in practical devices as it demands for an inert operating environment. Here, we study the individual effects of key environmental factors, such as temperature, light and humidity on the deterioration of BP. It is shown that humidity on its own does not cause material degradation.In fact, few-layer BP is employed as a recoverable humidity sensor. This study eliminates humidity as an active parameter in BP degradation. Hence, by simply isolating BP from light, its lifetime can be prolonged even in the presence of O 2 . As such, this study opens the pathway for devising new strategies for the practical implementation of BP.
We demonstrate a simple electrochemical route to produce uniformly sized gold nanospikes without the need for a capping agent or prior modification of the electrode surface, which are predominantly oriented in the {111} crystal plane and exhibit promising electrocatalytic and SERS properties.
Tetragonal BaTiO spheroids synthesized by a facile hydrothermal route using Tween 80 were observed to be polydispersed with a diameter in the range of ∼15-75 nm. Thereon, BaTiO spheroids were decorated with different percentages of Ag@CuO by wet impregnation, and their affinity toward carbon dioxide (CO) gas when employed as sensitive layers in a microsensor was investigated. The results revealed that the metal nanocomposite-based sensor had an exceptional stability and sensitivity toward CO gas (6-fold higher response), with appreciable response and recovery times (<10 s) and higher repeatability (98%) and accuracy (96%) at a low operating temperature of 120 °C, compared to those of pure BaTiO and CuO. Such improved gas-sensing performances even at a very low concentration (∼700 ppm) is attributable to both the chemical and electrical contributions of Ag@CuO forming intermittent nanointerfaces with BaTiO spheroids, exhibiting unique structural stability. The CO-sensing mechanism of CuO/BaTiO nanocomposite was studied by the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy technique that established the reaction of CO with BaO and CuO to form the respective carbonate species that is correlated with the change in material resistance consequently monitored as sensor response.
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