Abundance and characterization of microorganisms isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches waste under aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative anaerobic conditions

Abstract

Abstract. Dermiyati, Suharjo R, Telaumbanua M, Yosita R, Sari AW, Andayani AP. 2020. Abundance and characterization of microorganisms isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches waste under aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative anaerobic conditions. Biodiversitas 21: 4213-4220. Increased production of palm oil causes an increase in oil palm empty fruit bunches waste, while the utilization of the waste has not been carried out optimally. Oil palm empty fruit bunches contain high cellulose content which promotes the development of various types of bacteria with different characteristics. This study was aimed to determine the abundance and the characterization of bacteria that were isolated from extract suspension of oil palm empty fruit bunches in the form of a local microorganism solution under aerobic, anaerobic, and facultative anaerobic conditions. For isolation, the oil palm empty fruit extract suspension was inoculated on media Plate Count Agar Peptone and bacterial abundance was determined. Various bacterial characterization test included bacterial morphology test in the form of color and shape of macroscopic isolates, gram test using KOH 3%, fermentative oxidative test, soft rot test on potato tubers, hypersensitivity test on tobacco plant leaves, and hypo virulent test which was indicated by the presence of symptoms of disease in cucumber sprouts and indicated in the disease severity index (DSI) was carried out. The results of local microorganism solution isolation from oil palm empty fruit bunches obtained as many as 220 bacterial isolates consisting of 84 isolates in aerobic condition, 68 isolates in anaerobic condition, and 68 isolates in facultative anaerobic condition. The highest bacterial abundance in aerobic conditions was equal to 285.60 x 1010 CFU mL-1. Each bacterial isolate had different characteristics. Most of the characteristics of bacteria were turbid white (34.55%), round (69.55%), gram-positive (76.36%), fermentative (89.55%), softrot negative (71.82%), hypersensitive negative (97.27%), and virulent (74.55%).

Antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae fed with empty fruit bunch and tofu waste

“…The result may be influenced by the type and preparation of feeding substrates given to H. illucens larvae during rearing. In addition, the presence of LAB isolates in H. illucens may also be derived from the feeding substrates, which is in line with reports regarding the presence of indigenous microbes (aerobic, anaerobic, facultative anaerobic bacteria) in oil palm empty fruit bunches [13] and proteolytic bacteria from tofu waste [14]. Antagonistic activity from LAB isolates were tested against human and poultry pathogenic bacteria as shown in Figure 2.…”

Integrated Production of Xylitol, Ethanol, and Enzymes from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch through Bioprocessing as an Application of the Biorefinery Concept

“…Microorganisms play an active role in fermentation and naturally reproduce in environments conducive to their development [15]. The present study used the submerged fermentation technique to produce the three enzymes.…”

Soil Organisms Activities in Red Onion Cultivation with Application of Plant Extract Suspension and Compost

“…Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), pineapple rhizomes, and banana weevil contain macro and micronutrients, microbial decomposers, and growth regulators needed by plants. The results of the study by Dermiyati et al (2019;2020a) showed that pineapple rhizome and EFB waste contained microorganisms with various characteristics. Lestari et al (2019) also reported that suspension of plant extracts from banana weevil could increase onion growth and production depending on the frequency of application.…”