Abundance of male Black Grouse<i>Tetrao tetrix</i>in Britain in 2005, and change since 1995–96

Sim, Innes M.W.; Eaton, Mark A.; Setchfield, Rosemary P.; Warren, Philip; Lindley, Patrick

doi:10.1080/00063650809461536

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To account for the fact that this resulted in 2 different trend estimates for some species, models were constructed within a mixed model framework, using the Mixed procedure in SAS v. 9.1 (SAS Institute 2003), with species specified as a random effect, and applying the Kenward-Rogers correction to the degrees of freedom (Littell et al 1996). Unbiased estimate of change from national survey (Sim et al 2008) c Estimated change from national survey, although biases in initial site selection mean this may not fully reflect the national trend (Whitfield 2002) d Estimated decline in Fetlar and Unst (Shetland, UK) stronghold, representing about 40% of the national total (Grant unpubl. data) e Reanalysis of data from national survey to estimate minimum population change between Gibbons et al (1993) and Wotton et al (2002) Sim et al 2005) is derived from the proportion of surveyed regions in which populations increased by > 25% compared with the proportion that decreased by > 25%, and ranges from -1 (widespread decline) to 1 (widespread increase).…”

Section: Relationship Between Diet and Upland Bird Population Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Species with significant populations in lowland habitats (above) were excluded to avoid trends that are unrepresentative of upland areas. As this yielded only 6 species (golden plover, snipe, curlew, meadow pipit, wheatear and ring ouzel), an equivalent change index was also calculated from the regional breakdown presented in the national surveys of black grouse (Sim et al 2008) and dotterel (Whitfield 2002). Change score was positively correlated with national trend (change score = -0.12 + 0.80 × national trend; r = 0.71, n = 8, p = 0.047); the slope was unchanged when data from black grouse and dotterel were excluded.…”

Section: Relationship Between Diet and Upland Bird Population Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Pearce‐Higgins¹

2010

Clim. Res.

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High-latitude species are predicted to be vulnerable to climate change, particularly in the UK uplands, where many are at the margins of their southern range. There is increasing evidence that climate change may have an impact on populations through reductions in prey abundance. The diet of 17 insectivorous UK upland birds, and the sensitivity of their prey to likely climate change, were quantified from the literature and combined to produce an index of climate-change sensitivity for upland birds. Coleoptera and Diptera were the 2 most important prey taxa, with Tipulidae the most widely ingested prey family. Lepidoptera, Lumbricidae and Hymenoptera also comprised > 20% of the diet of at least one upland bird species. Of these prey taxa, existing studies suggest that Tipulidae, Chironomidae and Lumbridicae may be particularly vulnerable to rising temperatures and increased frequency of drought projected to result from climate change. Therefore, the contribution of these 3 taxa to the diets of upland birds provides an index of climate-change sensitivity, which was correlated with an index of recent upland bird population trends. Future increases in temperature and drought frequency are expected to have an impact on populations of a range of upland bird species through reductions in prey availability, although further studies are required to test this hypothesis. Many upland areas have been artificially drained using ditches. Blocking these ditches may therefore provide a potential management option for climate-change adaptation in the UK uplands.

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Section: Relationship Between Diet and Upland Bird Population Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Between Diet and Upland Bird Population Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Pearce‐Higgins¹

2010

Clim. Res.

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“…comm.). The black grouse's decline in this part of Poland and Slovakia parallels that recorded in almost the whole of this species' European range of distribution (Baines and Hudson 1995;Ludwig et al 2008;Sim et al 2008). The reasons for this decline in black grouse numbers in the studied population are not fully understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Rapid decline of an isolated population of the black grouse Tetrao tetrix: the crisis at the southern limit of the range

Ciach

2015

Eur J Wildl Res

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Over the last century, the numbers and range of black grouse Tetrao tetrix have declined dramatically over most of Europe. The Central-European population is at present divided into small, isolated subpopulations, and Orawa (Carpathians, Poland-Slovakia) was considered until recently to be the most abundant one in the region. In 2002, it was estimated at 146-152 males. Surveys conducted in 2011-2014 showed that only 30-40 males were still present in this region. The total disappearance of leks (13 of 24 known leks have been abandoned) and the decline in overall numbers of males at existing leks (some leks were used by single males only) were recorded. In consequences, the number of lekking males decline by 76 % between 2002 and 2014. The nearest neighbour distance between active leks did not change, but the contraction of the total area used by the population (from 187.3 km 2 in 2002 to 71.5 km 2 in 2014) was recorded. The disappearance of leks was related to the size of the nearest peat bog; leks located close to small peat bogs were abandoned, while those located close to the larger ones remained active. Along with the decline in the numbers of lekking birds and the shrinkage of the range, a decrease in the size of wintering flocks was noted. This rapid fall over a short period of time in the number of black grouse and in the area used by the region's largest population is indicative of a real threat of extinction of isolated populations. Rapid extinction risk should be taken into consideration when planning conservation measures applicable to its entire range of distribution.

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“…Firstly, due to the fact that the British black grouse populations have declined during the period of the study. The last national survey in 2005 found black grouse in Britain, especially in southern Scotland, were still in decline (Sim et al 2008). Secondly, because small leks seem more susceptible to change (Geary et al 2012) and therefore a change in black grouse numbers would first be expected at the leks with observed low numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using environmental impact assessment and post‐construction monitoring data to inform wind energy developments

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Ecological data are routinely collected for Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and post-consent planning requirements to assess potential negative impacts of developments on wildlife. Such data are almost always obtained from a single site and this often prohibits robust statistical analysis due to insufficient replication. Here, we integrate data collected during EIAs and post-construction monitoring from multiple sites to study the impact of wind energy developments on the distribution and abundance of black grouse. We show that the construction of wind turbines at these seven sites had no detectable effect on the abundance of lekking black grouse, but that leks within 500 m of the nearest planned wind turbine moved locally after construction (median distance before construction was 250 m and after was 803 m). This effect was not observed for leks greater than 500 m from a wind turbine. Although not examined within this study, there are several reasons which, individually or in combination, could underlie the localized movement of black grouse we report. These include the operation of the wind energy development, volume of visitors, changes in land management both within and surrounding the site, and habitat enhancement measures designed to attract black grouse to specific areas away from the wind energy development. We demonstrate that ecological data routinely collected by EIAs and postconstruction surveys from multiple projects can be combined to provide a robust ecological evidence base on which to inform development decisions. We recommend that easily-accessible data repositories be maintained by regulatory authorities to enable the development of a robust ecological evidence base to guide planning decisions across a wide range of different wildlife.

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Abundance of male Black GrouseTetrao tetrixin Britain in 2005, and change since 1995–96

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Using diet to assess the sensitivity of northern and upland birds to climate change

Rapid decline of an isolated population of the black grouse Tetrao tetrix: the crisis at the southern limit of the range

Using environmental impact assessment and post‐construction monitoring data to inform wind energy developments

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