ac-dc interference, complete mode locking, and origin of coherent oscillations in sliding charge-density-wave systems

Thorne, R. E.; Hubacek, J. S.; Lyons, W.G.; Lyding, Joseph W.; Tucker, J. R.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.37.10055

Cited by 80 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Shapiro interference measurement is a very useful approach for investigating macroscopic quantum states because a Shapiro spectroscopy provides detailed information about the CDW current. [6][7][8] We found the beat structure of the Shapiro step spectrum only in the NbSe 3 rings. The beat signal results from the existence of a circulating CDW current, which modifies the fundamental frequencies of sliding CDW ͑narrow-band noise͒ in the right and left arms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Evidence of circulating charge density wave current: Shapiro interference inNbSe3topological crystals

2009

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We investigate the topological effect of charge density wave ͑CDW͒. We found a "beat" Shapiro step structure in NbSe 3 topological ͑ring͒ crystals. We interpreted it as an evidence of the circulating CDW current that flows in the rings and modifies the CDW fundamental frequency, namely, narrow-band-noise frequency. This result also implied that a precursor of Fröhlich's CDW supercurrent emerged in the ring system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Evidence of circulating charge density wave current: Shapiro interference inNbSe3topological crystals

2009

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“…NbSe 3 is the material of choice for studying CDW pinning and dynamics. Its whiskerlike morphology, crystal perfection and relatively small electronic anisotropy yield the most coherent collective response of any density wave or flux line lattice system [17]. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is ideal for probing local CDW structure and dynamics in the presence of electric fields, and reveals bulk rather than surface or contact-related properties [15,16,[18][19][20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nb93NMR Spin Echo Spectroscopy in Single CrystalNbSe3

Suh

Clark²,

Monçeau³

et al. 2008

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We report electric field induced phase displacements of the charge density wave (CDW) in a single crystal of NbSe3 using 93Nb NMR spin-echo spectroscopy. CDW polarizations in the pinned state induced by unipolar and bipolar pulses are linear and reversible up to at least E = (0.96)ET. The polarizations have a broad distribution extending up to phase angles of order 60 degrees for electric fields close to threshold. No evidence for polarizations in excess of a CDW wavelength or for a divergence in polarization near ET are observed. The results are consistent with elastic depinning models, provided that the critical regime expected in large systems is not observable.

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“…One of the hallmarks of Shapiro steps is that the step width oscillates as a function of the ac drive amplitude [4][5][6] . Shapiro step phenomena also arise in dc and ac driven charge density waves [7][8][9] , spin density waves 10 , and Frenkel-Kontorova models consisting of commensurate or incommensurate arrangements of particles moving over ordered or disordered substrates [11][12][13] . In the case of vortex motion in type-II superconductors, Martinoli et al reported the first observation of Shapiro steps for dc and ac driven vortices interacting with a periodic one-dimensional (1D) substrate created by periodic thickness modulations of the sample 14,15 , while similar effects were observed for vortices driven over 1D 16,17 or two-dimensional (2D) 18,19 periodic substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shapiro steps for skyrmion motion on a washboard potential with longitudinal and transverse ac drives

Reichhardt

2015

Phys. Rev. B

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We numerically study the behavior of two-dimensional skyrmions in the presence of a quasi-onedimensional sinusoidal substrate under the influence of externally applied dc and ac drives. In the overdamped limit, when both dc and ac drives are aligned in the longitudinal direction parallel to the direction of the substrate modulation, the velocity-force curves exhibit classic Shapiro step features when the frequency of the ac drive matches the washboard frequency that is dynamically generated by the motion of the skyrmions over the substrate, similar to previous observations in superconducting vortex systems. In the case of skyrmions, the additional contribution to the skyrmion motion from a non-dissipative Magnus force shifts the location of the locking steps to higher dc drives, and we find that the skyrmions move at an angle with respect to the direction of the dc drive. For a longitudinal dc drive and a perpendicular or transverse ac drive, the overdamped system exhibits no Shapiro steps; however, when a finite Magnus force is present we find pronounced transverse Shapiro steps along with complex two-dimensional periodic orbits of the skyrmions in the phaselocked regimes. Both the longitudinal and transverse ac drives produce locking steps whose widths oscillate with increasing ac drive amplitude. We examine the role of collective skyrmion interactions and find that additional fractional locking steps occur for both longitudinal and transverse ac drives. At higher skyrmion densities, the system undergoes a series of dynamical order-disorder transitions, with the skyrmions forming a moving solid on the phase locking steps and a fluctuating dynamical liquid in regimes between the steps.

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ac-dc interference, complete mode locking, and origin of coherent oscillations in sliding charge-density-wave systems

Cited by 80 publications

References 45 publications

Evidence of circulating charge density wave current: Shapiro interference inNbSe3topological crystals

Evidence of circulating charge density wave current: Shapiro interference inNbSe3topological crystals

Nb93NMR Spin Echo Spectroscopy in Single CrystalNbSe3

Shapiro steps for skyrmion motion on a washboard potential with longitudinal and transverse ac drives

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