“…Likewise, connectivity enables new attributes and these include interoperability (e.g., Bharadwaj, El Sawy, Pavlou, and Venkatraman, 2013; Kallinikos et al, 2013; Porter and Heppelmann, 2014, 2015; Yoo et al, 2012), pervasiveness (e.g., Kolb, 2008; Kolb, Caza, and Collins, 2012; Wajcman and Rose, 2011), speed (e.g., Bharadwaj et al, 2013; Lazer and Friedman, 2007; Siggelkow and Rivkin, 2005; Svahn and Henfridsson, 2012), synchronization (e.g., Angwin and Vaara, 2005; Chatterjee, Segars, and Watson, 2006; Overby, 2008; Porter and Heppelmann, 2014), accessibility/transferability (e.g., Cross, Laseter, Parker, and Velasquez, 2006; Kallinikos et al, 2013; Lee and Berente, 2012; Leonardi and Bailey, 2008; Matusik and Mickel, 2011; Mazmanian, 2013; Mazmanian, Orlikowski, and Yates, 2013; Zittrain, 2006, 2008; Zhang, Yoo, Wattal, Zhang, and Kulathinal, 2014), and ubiquity (e.g., Iansiti and Lakhani, 2014; Kolb, 2008; Mardon and Belk, 2018; Sørensen and Landau, 2015; Wajcman and Rose, 2011). 6 Figure 2 provides a succinct visual representation of these properties in a holistic fashion.…”