Academic Performance of Introductory Psychology Students: The Importance of Critical Thinking

Schwanz, Kerry A.; McIlreavy, Megan

doi:10.12691/rpbs-3-2-2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…While these approaches have worked well for the authors, the evidence is anecdotal and as of yet, limited to students in France. Our methods are however consistent with recent recommendation to develop critical thinking (Schwanz and McIlreavy, 2015 ). We strongly encourage instructors to try these methods, as well as other engaging methods, to help promote critical thinking among students.…”

Section: Perspectivesupporting

confidence: 85%

From Bill Shankly to the Huffington Post: How to Increase Critical Thinking in Experimental Psychology Course?

2016

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Although critical thinking and source checking are basic prerequisites to become a psychologist, or a scientist, it is usually difficult to have students interested in experimental methods courses. Most first year students are tempted not to attend these courses. Such behaviors are reinforced by arguments that “everybody is different” and “people are not numbers.” Consequently, students have difficulties to develop source and evidence checking skills, and may be more prone to believe in any supposed expert. This paper presents two ways to involve students during lectures and seminars. The first method consists in presenting, during the initial lecture of the year, a fake scientific concept which students will believe as true. This phenomenon is called the “Bill Shankly syndrome” and it only exists if someone believes that the information is given by a serious lecturer, presenting oneself as a world-class researcher. The second method consists in training students to become reviewers using evidence checking of a mainstream media article which promises scientifically proven ways to be happy. The use of these methods may stimulate students' interest in research methods and its practical applications from week one.

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Section: Perspectivesupporting

confidence: 85%

From Bill Shankly to the Huffington Post: How to Increase Critical Thinking in Experimental Psychology Course?

2016

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“…While these approaches have worked well for the authors, the evidence is anecdotal and as of yet, limited to students in France. Our methods are however consistent with recent recommendation to develop critical thinking (Schwanz and McIlreavy, 2015). We strongly encourage instructors to try these methods, as well as other engaging methods, to help promote critical thinking among students.…”

Section: Perspectivesupporting

confidence: 75%

Research Methods Pedagogy: Engaging Psychology Students in Research Methods and Statistics

Roberts¹

2016

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open-access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers Journal Series The Frontiers Journal Series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of open-access, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers Journal Series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to Quality Each Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public-and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics? Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial

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“…Por último, en los estudios incluidos, los resultados para el rendimiento académico fueron mayormente promedios ponderados de calificaciones de los cursos. Mientras que en un grupo más pequeño se utilizaron exámenes individuales (Emir, 2009;Bayat, 2014;Nornoo et al, 2017;Whitney et al, 2016 Por su parte, en la evaluación de la calidad metodológica de los 32 estudios incluidos hubo ocho (25%) (Adamcik et al, 1996;Bayat, 2014;El Hassan y Madhum, 2007;Gadzella et al, 2002;Schwanz y McIlreavy, 2015;Scott y Markert, 1994;Williams et al, 2006;Whitney et al, 2016) con alto riesgo de sesgo para el dominio tasa de respuesta, siete estudios (21.8%) (Afshar y Movassagh, 2014;Gadzella et al, 2002;Kidd y Latif, 2003;Miller, 2003 2016) en el modo de administración de la prueba de pensamiento crítico. Mientras que para el análisis estadístico resultaron tres (9.3%) con alto riesgo de sesgo (Denial y Pitcher, 2007;Miller et al, 1993;Turner y Williams, 2007) y para el uso de instrumentos validados un solo estudio (3.1%) (Comer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Disposición, habilidades del pensamiento crítico y éxito académico en estudiantes universitarios: metaanálisis

2021

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Introducción: el pensamiento crítico se halla entre las principales habilidades blandas relacionadas al éxito académico y de alta demanda en el mundo laboral. El objetivo fue hacer un meta-análisis de estudios observacionales sobre la relación entre la disposición, habilidades del pensamiento crítico y el éxito académico en universitarios. Métodos: revisión sistemática con meta-análisis de efectos aleatorios siguiendo las pautas para estudios observacionales. Se realizaron búsquedas utilizando MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus y Cochrane Library. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica con la versión de la Escala de Newcastle-Ottawa. Se estimó la heterogeneidad, se utilizó la prueba Q de Cochran, el sesgo de publicación con el gráfico de embudo y la prueba de Begg. Se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad y diagramas de bosque. Resultados: se identificaron 6756 estudios, 32 correspondieron a los criterios de inclusión abarcando un total de 4962 participantes, 30 fueron metanalizados. El pensamiento crítico y el éxito académico estuvieron positivamente correlacionados: r=.26 (IC:95%; .18- .34) (p=.00), con una heterogeneidad estadística elevada (I2=86.5%). En el análisis de subgrupos se observaron diferencias significativas para los siguientes moderadores: especialidad Q=42.86 (p=.00), número de dimensiones del instrumento Q=31.83 (p=.00), instrumentos Q=56.01 (p=.00), dimensiones evaluadas Q=25.09 (p=.00). Discusión: la magnitud de la correlación resultó débil y afectada por moderadores como la especialidad de estudio, el instrumento empleado, la evaluación de habilidades versus disposiciones y la cantidad de dimensiones consideradas.

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Academic Performance of Introductory Psychology Students: The Importance of Critical Thinking

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

From Bill Shankly to the Huffington Post: How to Increase Critical Thinking in Experimental Psychology Course?

From Bill Shankly to the Huffington Post: How to Increase Critical Thinking in Experimental Psychology Course?

Research Methods Pedagogy: Engaging Psychology Students in Research Methods and Statistics

Disposición, habilidades del pensamiento crítico y éxito académico en estudiantes universitarios: metaanálisis

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