Acaricidal effect and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from Cuminum cyminum, Pimenta dioica and Ocimum basilicum against the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract

Acaricidal activity of essential oils extracted from cumin seeds (Cuminum cyminum), allspice berries (Pimenta dioica) and basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum) were tested on 10-day-old Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick larvae using the LPT. Two-fold dilutions of the three essential oils were tested from a starting dilution of 20% down to 1.25%. Results showed a high toxicological effect for cumin, producing 100% mortality in all tested concentrations on R. microplus larvae. Similarly, allspice essential oil produced 100% mortality at all concentrations with the exception of a dramatic decrease at 1.25% concentration. Conversely, basil essential oil was not shown to be toxic against R. microplus larvae. The most common compounds detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were as follows: cumin: cuminaldehyde (22.03%), γ-terpinene (15.69%) and 2-caren-10-al (12.89%); allspice: methyl eugenol (62.7%) and eugenol (8.3%); basil: linalool (30.61%) and estragole (20.04%). Results clearly indicate that C. cyminum and P. dioica essential oils can be used as an effective alternative for R. microplus tick control, and there is a high probability they can be used for other ticks affecting cattle in Mexico and throughout the world, thereby reducing the necessity for traditional and unfriendly synthetic acaricides.

Acaricidal, pediculocidal and larvicidal activity of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using wet chemical route against blood feeding parasites

“…4c). -Velazquez et al (2010) have reported that the repellency activity of the Ocimum basilicum essential oil against R. microplus would be important, since the major components were linalool (30.61%), estragole (20.04%), α-farnesene (6.96%), eugenol (6.61%), and 1,8-cineole (6.2%). Fifty percent hydroethanolic extracts of Bonninghausenia albiflora whole plant, Calotropis procera root, Citrus maxima flower, Acorus calamus rhizome, and Weidelia chinensis whole plant showed acaricidal efficacy ranging from 4% to 35% within 24 h of application on R.…”

Morphological effects of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) seed oil with known azadirachtin concentrations on the oocytes of semi-engorged Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae)

“…Moreover, a high antiparasitic activity against R. microplus was detected in leaf ethyl acetate extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Cocculus hirsutus and methanolic extracts of Aegle marmelos, Andrographis lineata, and Eclipta prostrate (Elango and Rahuman 2011). Essential oils obtained from Cuminum cyminum and Pimenta dioica resulted in 100 % mortality in almost all concentrations against R. microplus, indicating that they can be used as an effective alternative against this tick species (Martinez-Velazquez et al 2011). Furthermore, Azadirachta indica extracts demonstrated high level of efficacy (80 %) in R. microplus ticks, also reducing the egg-laying properties of the survived ticks (Srivastava et al 2008).…”

“…However, the indiscriminate use of commercial acaricides is an emerging problem, leading to the selection of resistant strains of ticks, toxicity to humans and hosts, and damages to the environment (Blagburn and Dryden 2009;Rosado-Aguilar et al 2010). The adverse effects of synthetic pesticides and the necessity for environmentally safe alternatives for pest control has led to the search for products extracted from plants, among which stand out the extracts from Annona squamosa (Magadum et al 2009), Aegle marmelos, Andrographis lineata, Andrographis paniculata, Cocculus hirsutus, Eclipta prostrata (Elango and Rahuman 2011), Cuminum cyminum, Pimenta dioica (Martinez-Velazquez et al 2011), Acorus calamus (Ghosh et al 2011), and many others, including Azadirachta indica, the neem tree, which stands as one of the options with higher potential (Raizada et al 2001;Brahmachari 2004).…”

<i>In Vitro</i> Analysis of the Antioxidant Effect of Allspice

“…In the food industry, it was used synthetically as a preservative in compounds such as butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), but these compounds have been shown to induce carcinogenesis [7]. Some medicinal purposes of the extract include analgesic, antibacterial, anesthetic, and anti-neuralgic effects [7]. Allspice can be used in tooth restoration in dentistry [8].…”