Accelerated Methods of Determining Wheat Genotypes Primary Resistance to Extreme Temperatures

Abstract

Several morphological and functional mechanisms determine the resistance of plants to extreme temperatures. Depending on the specificity of mechanisms of action, we divided them into two groups: (1) the mechanisms that ensure the avoidance/reduction of the exposure dose; (2) functional mechanisms which increase plant resistance and ability to recover damages caused by stress through regulation metabolic and genes expression activity. We developed theoretical and practical methods to appreciate the contribution of parameters from both groups on the primary and adaptive resistance of different wheat genotypes. This problem became more complicated because some properties are epigenetically inherited and can influence genotypes’ primary (initial) resistance to stressors. The article describes results obtained by the accelerated determination of the initial resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to temperature stress and the prospects for their implementation in the selection and development of methods for rational choosing wheat varieties for cultivation under specific environmental conditions.

Effect Of Negative Temperature Shock On The Primary Rezistance Of Maize Hybrids

“…The response of plants exposed at the initial stages of ontogenesis to the action of the unfavorable factor is defined as primary (specific) resistance or constitutive (Dascaliuc 2021(Dascaliuc , Ştefîrţă et al 2021. In order to determine the primary resistance of various maize hybrids to the action of a negative temperature shock (NTS), preliminary experiments were carried out to determine the value and duration of the NTS effect on the seeds, so that after the negative temperature shock, the seed germination percentage was 50%.…”

Optimizing the Technologies of Initiation and Restoring Oak Forests by Applying Physiological Methods

“…Due to the high costs of growing in containers and then transplanting plants for growing in natural conditions, as well as extending by one year (from five to six years) the age of transition of oak plants the stage in which the trees crowns union are beginning, the large-scale application of this method in forestry is expensive. Considering the mentioned problems, for the initiation of pedunculate oak forests, starting in the 2019 year, we tested the applicability in forestry of some of the methods developed to increase the resistance of wheat plants to extreme temperatures and drought [5]. An additional mode to solve the problems related to the initiation of oak forests involves the enlargement of plants'…”