The purpose is to realize the decentralized microgrid economic dispatch, improve the information transparency and security of microgrid systems, and make the power grid move towards a clean, safe, efficient, and reliable development path. Deep learning optimization of microgrid economic dispatch and wireless power transmission based on blockchain technology are studied. First, the related theories and methods of microgrid systems, wireless power transmission, and deep learning optimization based on blockchain technology are introduced. Next, the microgrid economic dispatch is simulated and analyzed on a large scale. Finally, the comparison results between microgrid economic dispatch and common radio energy transmission technologies are analyzed. The results show that daily planning can better coordinate the state of distributed generation, energy storage system, and public connection. The operation results of the previous day correspond to the long-term operation economy of the microgrid. The total operation cost of the microgrid is 4668 yuan/day, and the remaining power is maintained between 500 and 600 kW, which helps to prevent excessive battery discharge, prolong battery life, and reduce operation cost. The simulation results show that the total power imbalance of the microgrid can reduce the output fluctuation of controllable load shedding of distributed generation. When the load characteristics are not important, the output fluctuation of controllable distributed generation can be reduced. The proposed economic dispatch model can optimize the data security, information storage, and information release of the microgrid and has a certain guiding role for the development of the national power grid and power industry.