Acceleration of frost hardening in Vaccinium vitis-idaea by nitrogen fertilization

Abstract

Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. plants were grown in open-top chambers in northern Finland under CO enrichment (600-700 ppm) with or without elevated (double ambient) O. Half of the plants received ammonium nitrate fertilizer equivalent to 200 kg N ha year. Frost hardiness during the period of frost hardening was determined three times after the end of the experiment, at the beginning of August, September and October. The results indicate that frost hardening of the Vaccinium vitis-idaea is accelerated by N fertilization. However, CO and O enrichment had no measurable effect on frost hardiness.

Dehardening of mountain birch (Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii) ecotypes at elevated winter temperatures

“…Stem pieces of 10–15 mm were moistened, wrapped in aluminium foil and frozen to the test temperature. The freeze‐thaw procedure, the consequent electrolyte leakage and the calculation of LT 50 were done as described earlier for Pinus sylvestris (Taulavuori et al ., 1997b, 2000), Vaccinium myrtillus (Taulavuori et al ., 1997, 1997a) and V. vitis‐idaea (Taulavuori et al ., 2001). The special adaptation of the method (preliminary results, unpublished data) to the stem material of birch species required: (1) dissection of buds after the freeze‐thaw procedure to obtain a homogeneous organ (stem); (2) the remaining internode was cut into 3 segments of approx.…”

“…Lipid peroxidation was analysed by the malondialdehyde (MDA) method (Hodges et al ., 1999, Taulavuori et al ., 2001), with the exception of minor modifications during homogenization. A 0.4 g sample was homogenized in liquid nitrogen with a mortar and pestle.…”

“…The homogenized tissue powder was suspended in 5 ml of 0.1% TCA on ice, after addition of 0.6 g of PVPP (poly vinyl‐poly pyrrolidone) in 4 ml of 0.1% TCA (trichloro acetic acid). Extraction was continued as described by Taulavuori et al . (2001), including the following steps: centrifugation, TCA/TBA (thiobarbituric acid) addition, heat/cool cycle and another round of centrifugation.…”

Auswirkungen einer Nachdüngung im Sommer auf die Frosthärte von Salix cinerea L. sowie auf ausgewählte Nährstoffe und Biomarker

“…ergebnisse aus der Literatur sind nicht eindeutig (z. B. Hellergren 1981;thomas und ahlers 1999;taulavori et al 2001;Mensing 2007). Pflanzen haben verschiedene Mechanismen, mit Frost umzugehen.…”

Plant acclimation and adaptation to cold environments

“…For example, Lutze et al (1998) showed that supercooling of Eucalyptus pauciflora leaves could be altered by environmental change: the leaves supercooled to −4.7°C ± 0.5 8°C when the plants were grown in an atmosphere with current CO 2 concentration but only to −3.5°C ± 0.4 8°C when grown in a CO 2 -enriched atmosphere. In some instances, however, growth in an elevated concentration of atmospheric CO 2 had either no effect (Taulavuori et al 2001) or actually reduced freezing sensitivity (Loik et al 2000). Furthermore, this direct impact of elevated CO 2 may be further complicated by the finding that this may, at least in some instances, be altered by temperature (Woldendorp et al 2008).…”