Plant acclimation and adaptation to cold environments

Baxter, Bob

doi:10.1002/9781118308240.ch2

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…These changes have consequences not only for the future survival and distributions of plants, but for the animals and people that depend on them too. For example, substantial losses to winegrowing areas have been predicted from even modest warming (55), and freezing damage to grain crops due to changing weather patterns is already a serious economic problem (56). Understanding the ecological role of thermal safety margins must therefore focus on thermal tolerance traits, as well as how they interact with and trade-off against traits that influence other aspects of plant survival, productivity, and reproduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global variation in the thermal tolerances of plants

Lancaster

Humphreys

2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

147

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Thermal macrophysiology is an established research field that has led to well-described patterns in the global structuring of climate adaptation and risk. However, since it was developed primarily in animals, we lack information on how general these patterns are across organisms. This is alarming if we are to understand how thermal tolerances are distributed globally, improve predictions of climate change, and mitigate effects. We approached this knowledge gap by compiling a geographically and taxonomically extensive database on plant heat and cold tolerances and used this dataset to test for thermal macrophysiological patterns and processes in plants. We found support for several expected patterns: Cold tolerances are more variable and exhibit steeper latitudinal clines and stronger relationships with local environmental temperatures than heat tolerances overall. Next, we disentangled the importance of local environments and evolutionary and biogeographic histories in generating these patterns. We found that all three processes have significantly contributed to variation in both heat and cold tolerances but that their relative importance differs. We also show that failure to simultaneously account for all three effects overestimates the importance of the included variable, challenging previous conclusions drawn from less comprehensive models. Our results are consistent with rare evolutionary innovations in cold acclimation ability structuring plant distributions across biomes. In contrast, plant heat tolerances vary mainly as a result of biogeographical processes and drift. Our results further highlight that all plants, particularly at mid-to-high latitudes and in their nonhardened state, will become increasingly vulnerable to ongoing climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The total variance explained by environmental factors is 11 [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] [53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71] for cold (Fig. 3B).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Signal and Evolutionary Mode Of Heat And Coldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global variation in the thermal tolerances of plants

Lancaster

Humphreys

2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

139

147

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“…Crops respond differently to changes in day and night temperatures (Djanaguiraman et al, 2014;Rienth et al, 2014). Plant growth and development are also affected by cold stress, which may cause chilling injury (0e15 C) or freezing injury (below 0 C), both of which significantly reduce crop productivity and quality (Kosova et al, 2012;Baxter, 2014;Luo et al, 2014). Chillsensitive crops include many economically important temperateand arid-zone crops, such as cotton, soybean, maize, lima bean, rice, tomato, cucumber, pepper, and eggplant (Thakur et al, 2010;Bhandari and Nayyar, 2014;Thalhammer et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar application of methyl jasmonate induced physio-hormonal changes in Pisum sativum under diverse temperature regimes

Shahzad

Waqas

Khan

et al. 2015

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

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“…The process of cold hardening in fall is triggered by shortened photoperiod and cool temperatures (Weiser, 1970;Greer & Warrington, 1982;Senser & Beck, 1982;Beck et al, 2004;Baxter, 2014). Because photoperiod will not be affected by climate change, most coniferous species will always develop a limited level of cold hardiness during the onset of fall (Greer et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on cold hardiness of Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii): environmental and genetic considerations

Bansal

Clair

Harrington

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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The success of conifers over much of the world's terrestrial surface is largely attributable to their tolerance to cold stress (i.e., cold hardiness). Due to an increase in climate variability, climate change may reduce conifer cold hardiness, which in turn could impact ecosystem functioning and productivity in conifer-dominated forests. The expression of cold hardiness is a product of environmental cues (E), genetic differentiation (G), and their interaction (G × E), although few studies have considered all components together. To better understand and manage for the impacts of climate change on conifer cold hardiness, we conducted a common garden experiment replicated in three test environments (cool, moderate, and warm) using 35 populations of coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) to test the hypotheses: (i) cool-temperature cues in fall are necessary to trigger cold hardening, (ii) there is large genetic variation among populations in cold hardiness that can be predicted from seed-source climate variables, (iii) observed differences among populations in cold hardiness in situ are dependent on effective environmental cues, and (iv) movement of seed sources from warmer to cooler climates will increase risk to cold injury. During fall 2012, we visually assessed cold damage of bud, needle, and stem tissues following artificial freeze tests. Cool-temperature cues (e.g., degree hours below 2 °C) at the test sites were associated with cold hardening, which were minimal at the moderate test site owing to mild fall temperatures. Populations differed 3-fold in cold hardiness, with winter minimum temperatures and fall frost dates as strong seed-source climate predictors of cold hardiness, and with summer temperatures and aridity as secondary predictors. Seed-source movement resulted in only modest increases in cold damage. Our findings indicate that increased fall temperatures delay cold hardening, warmer/drier summers confer a degree of cold hardiness, and seed-source movement from warmer to cooler climates may be a viable option for adapting coniferous forest to future climate.

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Plant acclimation and adaptation to cold environments

Cited by 11 publications

References 153 publications

Global variation in the thermal tolerances of plants

Global variation in the thermal tolerances of plants

Foliar application of methyl jasmonate induced physio-hormonal changes in Pisum sativum under diverse temperature regimes

Impact of climate change on cold hardiness of Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii): environmental and genetic considerations

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