Accessing the Carbofuran Degradation Ability of Cultures From Natural River Biofilms in Different Environments

Abstract

Acclimatized microbial consortia and bacterial strains were isolated from natural river biofilms to investigate their carbofuran degradation ability. Under 28‐day continuous enrichment culturing of river biofilms, the acclimatized microbial consortia were obtained and showed a high carbofuran removal rate (52.5%). The batch experiments showed that 28‐ and 35‐day loofah‐sponge‐attached acclimatized consortia (i.e., microbial consortia A and B) had low carbofuran removal rates. However, after preservation, the carbofuran degradation abilities of both microbial consortia recovered possibly due to the growth of carbofuran degraders. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis revealed that Stenotrophomonas sp., Pseudomonas fulva, Comamonas jiangduensis, and Thermolithobacter sp. dominated in both microbial consortia. The best preservation conditions to have high carbofuran removal for microbial consortia A and B were −20°C for 3 months (55.7% removal) and 25°C for 1 month (73.9% removal), respectively. The isolated Sphingobacterium multivorum showed high carbofuran removal rates with and without sugar (67.4 and 73.1% removal) at pH 7 (25°C), followed by those at pH 7 (30°C) and pH 9 (25°C) (41.2 and 32.1% removal). This strain was able to degrade carbofuran in the simulated carbofuran‐contaminated paddy fields. The study demonstrated that the immobilized microbial consortia and S. multivorum from river biofilms are good biomaterials for bioremediating carbofuran‐contaminated sites.

Biotransformation of Pharmaceuticals by Comamonas and Aeromonas Species

“…Comamonas species have also been associated with the bioremediation of heavy metals such as Cadmium and other organic pollutants (37,38,39). In Particular, C. jiangduensis has been identi ed as the most active strain of a carbofuran degrading consortium (40). Moreover, Comamonas jiangduensis has also been reported to produce biosurfactants, elucidating their potential to serve as a candidate for bioremediation of organic compounds (41).…”

Treatibility of Wastewater Containing 2,4 Dichlorophenol Using Aclimated Activated Sludge Microorganisms in Packed Upflow Column Bioreactor

“…pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and ORP were directly monitored by a multimeter in bioreactors. This was done according to pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, ORP, and standard methods [27][28]. Total phenol determined that the absorbance of the colored complex of phenol and p-nitroaniline was read at 470 nm [29].…”

Enhanced Carbofuran Degradation Using Immobilized and Free Cells of Enterobacter sp. Isolated from Soil

“…Pesticide use in agriculture can cause undesirable effects on humans and the natural environment, and different types of toxic organic compounds are being released accidentally or intentionally into the environment [ 1 ]. Pesticides are introduced frequently in large volumes via different means [ 2 ].…”

“…Therefore, their removal from the environment is essential [ 7 , 8 ]. To reduce the environmental and public health risks associated with carbofuran use, it is crucial to develop rapid and effective approaches to remove the compound or reduce their concentrations from the environment [ 1 , 9 ].…”