E-learning is increasingly being used in higher education settings, yet research examining how students use e-resources is frequently limited. Some previous studies have used the think-aloud method (an approach with origins in cognitive psychology) as an alternative to the more usual questionnaire or focus groups, but there is little discussion in the educational literature about the advantages and disadvantages of this approach. In this paper, we discuss our experience of using the think-aloud method in a recent study, and we reflect on its potential contribution as a research method. A number of concerns about the method arose during our study, including the level of guidance given to participants, observer influence, and the complexity of data analysis. We conclude, however, that the richness of the data collected outweighs these constraints, and that the think-aloud method has the potential to enhance research in this field.
IntroductionComputer-based learning, or e-learning, is increasingly being employed in educational settings and is a key focus for the development of higher education in the UK. This is in part a response to the 1997 Dearing Report, which emphasised the growth of technology in higher education, and in part due to the need to teach increasing numbers of student with decreasing resources. The recent white paper, The Future of Higher Education , also advocated an increase in e-learning in order to provide more flexible learning opportunities in the context of widening participation [Department for Education and Skills (DFES, 2004)], and a national e-learning strategy is currently under development (see DFES 2003). Broad, Matthews, and McDonald (2004) comment on the increasing pressures within universities for academic staff to embrace e-learning, with this providing a key strand of many institutions' teaching and learning strategies.