The purpose of this research is to analyze the scientific production on environmental accounting and environmental costs in the time period between 1996 and 2007. Environmental accounting and environmental costs were the keywords used for thematic classification. The following aspects were analyzed: type of study, searching strategy and academic affiliation of the authors. The results showed growth in the two themes -from three studies in 1996 to ten studies in 2007, in a total of 80 studies in that period. Overall, the environmental costs theme gained greater attention from researchers, representing 61%, against 39% from the studies that addressed the environmental accounting theme. It was observed that, of the 148 authors identified, 13 were responsible for 48.75% of the publication total. This research aimed to contribute to the demonstration of the 'state of the art' on environmental accounting and environmental costs, in the domestic and international contexts.