Accumulated environmental impact: the case of cadmium in Sweden

Bergbäck, Bo; Anderberg, Stefan; Lohm, Ulrik

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(94)90295-x

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Lowered Cd ALC after the latter period is most likely a response to the Swedish ban of the element from use in several products, notably plastics, alloys and accumulators in 1982. 50 A similar decline in recent atmospheric deposition has also been evidenced from moss analysis. 29 Thus, it appears as if the Cd ALC in the surface sediment approaches the background levels.…”

Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 58%

Historical pollution of seldom monitored trace elements in Sweden—Part A: Sediment properties and chronological indicators

et al. 2006

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Sediment cores from four small oligotrophic boreal lakes, with minor acidification, in remote regions of central Sweden were used for historical interpretation of their metal content, with focus on Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn in Lake Stensjön, which has the longest sediment record (at least two centuries according to (210)Pb dating). Comparison is made with the other three lakes. Major and trace elements in lake water, porewater and the acid-leached (HNO(3)) solid sediment phase was analysed with ICP-MS. In addition, general lake water chemistry, TOC and principal anions were measured in the aqueous phases. Redistribution processes were interpreted from geochemical modelling. The solid/solution distribution of pe/pH sensitive elements, indicates a minor diagenetic redistribution and the concentration profiles are therefore suitable for chronological evaluation. The ratios of Al, Ti, Sc and V, indicated a qualitative shift of sedimenting material a century ago, which did not have any impact on the retention of trace elements. Lead had a concentration profile, supported by the (206)Pb/(207)Pb ratio, where it was possible to distinguish preindustrial conditions, early industrialisation in Europe, industrialisation in Sweden, and the use of leaded petrol after the Second World War. Cadmium showed a similar concentration pattern. The zinc profile resembled that of cadmium, but with less enrichment. Local lithogenic sources are believed to be quantitatively important. The solid/solution distribution (K(d)) was independent of depth for all four elements. The sediment concentrations of copper and zinc are not related to early industrialisation but its concentration has doubled since the Second World War.

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Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 58%

Historical pollution of seldom monitored trace elements in Sweden—Part A: Sediment properties and chronological indicators

et al. 2006

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“…This is an area with naturally relatively high Cd levels in the soil, as well as atmospheric deposition of Cd from central Europe and intensive farming (Bergbäck and Lohm 1994). The aim was to characterize the Cd status and some of its determinants, as well as kidney function, in couples living at the same farm, consuming locally produced foods, and having presumably similar Cd exposure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium in blood and urine--impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking--association of renal effects.

Olsson

Bensryd

Lundh

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

369

188

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We studied determinants of cadmium status and kidney function in nonsmoking men and women living on farms in southern Sweden. Median blood Cd (BCd) was 1.8 nmol/L (range, 0.38-18) and median urinary Cd (UCd) was 0.23 nmol/mmol creatinine (range, 0.065-0.99). The intake of Cd per kilogram body weight did not significantly differ between sexes and did not correlate with BCd or UCd, which may be explained by a low and varying bioavailibility of Cd from food items. However, when a subgroup of the study population, couples of never-smoking men and women, were compared, a lower intake per kilogram body weight was found in the women, but the women had a 1.8 times higher BCd and a 1.4 times higher UCd. The higher female BCd and UCd may be explained by higher absorption due to low iron status. BCd and UCd both increased with age and were higher in the ex-smokers, who had stopped smoking more than 5 years before the study, compared to never-smokers. The contribution of locally produced food to the total Cd intake was relatively low and varied. Males living in areas with low soil Cd had lower UCd than the others. However, Cd levels in kidneys from pigs, fed locally produced cereals, did not predict BCd or UCd in humans at the same farms. The kidney function parameter ss2-microglobulin-creatinine clearance was related to UCd, whereas urinary protein-HC, N-acetyl-ss-glucoseaminidase or albumin-creatinine clearance was not when age was accounted for. Hence, even at the low exposure levels in this study population, there was an indication of effect on biochemical markers of renal function.

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“…The anthropogenic flows of Cd far exceed the natural flows that only constitute 1% of the total flows in the industrialised world [20]. Furthermore, the sources of pollution have changed from production-related to product related [21]. In order to deal with the pollution of cadmium, the local authorities are in need of systems oriented tools, like SFA, that identifies important sources and can highlight management strategies to control them.…”

Section: Objects Of Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

What can we learn from local substance flow analyses? The review of cadmium flows in Swedish municipalities

Lindqvist

Malmborg

2004

Journal of Cleaner Production

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Accumulated environmental impact: the case of cadmium in Sweden

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Historical pollution of seldom monitored trace elements in Sweden—Part A: Sediment properties and chronological indicators

Historical pollution of seldom monitored trace elements in Sweden—Part A: Sediment properties and chronological indicators

Cadmium in blood and urine--impact of sex, age, dietary intake, iron status, and former smoking--association of renal effects.

What can we learn from local substance flow analyses? The review of cadmium flows in Swedish municipalities

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