Accumulation of heavy metals by some wood-rotting fungi

Gabriel, Jiřı́; Mokrejš, M.; Bílý, Jiří; Rychlovský, Petr

doi:10.1007/bf02906805

Cited by 48 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Data are represented as means and ranges. *) U = unpolluted (the National Park Šumava), P = polluted (the area of Prague) S. hirsutum accumulated preferably lead, while cultures of G. applanatum accumulated aluminium (Gabriel et al 1994). This fact, together with previously mentioned different nutrient requirements of different fungi may limit the use of wood-rotting fungi as bioindicators.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Heavy Metal Content in Wood-Decaying Fungi Collected in Prague and in the National Park Šumavain the Czech Republic

Gabriel

Baldrián

Rychlovský

et al. 1997

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Accumulation of metals by fungi has been known for a few decades and a number of works describing metal content in fruit bodies collected in different areas have been published (Mejstrik and Lepšová 1993). A key role in metal accumulation by fungi has been attached to cell wall polysaccharides, cysteine-rich proteins and pigments like melanin (Siegel et al. 1990). Some higher fungi are known to have the ability to accumulate toxic elements such As, Cd or Pb from the environment (Stijve et al. 1990, Vetter 1994, Tyler 1982. Heavy metal content in many terrestrial fungi correlates with metal concentration in the soil in which they grow (Gast et al. 1988). In the case of edible fungi, toxic metals may be incorporated into food chains.Fungal species growing on wood contain, in general, lower concentrations of heavy metals than fimgi growing on soil (Mutsch et al. 1979), probably due to limited contact of mycelia with the soil. Nevertheless, wood-inhabiting fungi growing in polluted areas may contain higher amounts of toxic metals than fungi growing in unpolluted areas, as we demonstrated for beryllium (Gabriel et al. 1995) previously. Wood-decaying fungi take up heavy metals by deposition of particles from the atmosphere and absorption from the substrate. Literature data indicate that heavy metal content decreases from soil through roots to stems (Salt et al. 1995). Earlier experiments (Brunnett and Zadrazil 1981, Gabriel et al. 1996a) confirmed translocation of heavy metals from substrate into the fruiting bodies of lignocellulose decomposing fungi. Atmospheric dry or wet depositions represent another considerable source of metals in plants and plant related parasites or saprophytes (Hovmand et al. 1983).The purpose of this work was to examine heavy metal content (Al, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in six wood-decaying fungal species collected in polluted and unpolluted areas in the Czech Republic.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Heavy Metal Content in Wood-Decaying Fungi Collected in Prague and in the National Park Šumavain the Czech Republic

Gabriel

Baldrián

Rychlovský

et al. 1997

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…Previously we described color change in the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune grown on lead nitrate; controls were white and Pb-treated samples were dark (Gabriel et al 1994). Mycelial pellets of D. quercina harvested from 1 mmol/L Cd had a brownish-yellow color while the control samples remained white.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…treated with milimolar concentrations of Cd. When submerged mycelial pellets of this fungus where cultivated in the presence of lead, color change was documented (Gabriel et al 1994). …”

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confidence: 99%

Accumulation and Effect of Cadmium in the Wood-Rotting Basidiomycete Daedalea quercina

Gabriel

Kofroňová²,

Rychlovský

et al. 1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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The ability of fungi to accumulate metals is a known phenomenon that is studied from both the industrial and ecological point of views. The biosorption and removal of various cations could be useful in recovery of precious or strategic metals (e.g. Nakajima and Sakaguchi 1993) as well as in the removal of toxic heavy metals from contaminated water (Siegel et al. 1990). The most frequently used group of organisms are filamentous fungi (e.g. Siegel et al. 1990, Pümpel andSchinner 1993) which are widely used in fermentation industries to produce varied metabolites. The application of mycelial wastes as adsorbents or ion-exchangers for the removal of heavy metals represents a possibility for further utilization of these biotechnological by-products (Voleský 1994). So far, little attention has been paid to interactions of heavy metals with higher fungi. Most of the work deals with metal translocation and uptake from various substrates or with the heavy metal content in fruiting bodies collected in different areas. In several cases this content seems to reflect the concentrations of atmospheric heavy metal.Most wood-rotting basidiomycetes can be found in high yields and are easily cultivated allowing various model experiments such as the investigation of metal translocation and uptake or the study of heavy metal induced changes in fungal morphology and biochemistry. The effect of Cd, Zn and some other metals on the growth of some ectomycorrhizal fungi (Darlington and Rauser 1988, Colpaert and Van Assche 1992) and hyphomycetes (Rózycki 1993, Failla andNiehaus 1986) have been investigated. Recently, element distribution in mycelium of Pisolithus arrhizus (PERS.) RAUSCH. treated with Cd dust has been described (Turnau et al. 1994). Some alterations in mycelial morphology were reported by Lilly et al. (1992) who found the loss of hyphae orientation and decrease of clamp connections in mycelium of wood-rotting basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune FR.:FR. treated with milimolar concentrations of Cd. When submerged mycelial pellets of this fungus where cultivated in the presence of lead, color change was documented (Gabriel et al. 1994).

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“…The unexpected great increase in biomass could be related to the adsorption of copper ions onto the fungal mycelium. Several metals have been found in the mycelium in high concentrations when the fungal species grow in the presence of metal ions in solid medium or in preserved wood; in such case, the adsorption onto the cell wall is species-specific (Gabriel et al 1994(Gabriel et al , 2001Falih 1997;De Groot and Woodward 1999;Baldrian 2003). Among the WRF, G. australe and T. versicolor were the only ones that grew in 3 mM copper, being the rate of growth and biomass production by G. australe significantly greater than that obtained with T. versicolor.…”

Section: Radial Growth Rate and Biomass Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of copper on the growth of wood-rotting fungi and a blue-stain fungus

Guillén

Machuca

2007

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The effect of copper (II) ions on the growth of three brown-rot fungi, six white-rot fungi and one bluestain fungus in solid medium was evaluated. The fungi were grown in malt extract agar with different concentrations of copper added, and the radial growth rate was determined. At the end of the incubation period, the mycelial biomass and the media pH were determined. The white-rot and blue-stain fungus grew up to 3 mM and 6 mM copper, respectively and the brown-rot fungi were the only ones that grew up to 10 mM, with higher growth rates than those shown by the other fungi. In general, the brown-rot fungi produced greater acidification in the culture media than the white-rot fungi and blue-stain fungus, and the acidification increased when the amount of copper was increased. The biomass production for the different species, in the absence or presence of copper, was not related to the radial growth rate, and the fungal species that produced the greatest biomass amounts did not correspond to those that presented the highest growth rates. The brown-rot fungi Wolfiporia cocos and Laetiporus sulfureus and blue-stain fungus Ophiostoma sp. demonstrated greater tolerance to high copper concentrations in solid medium than the white-rot fungi, determined as radial growth rate. On the other hand, the highest biomass producers in solid medium with copper added were the white-rot fungi Ganoderma australe and Trametes versicolor and the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum.

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Accumulation of heavy metals by some wood-rotting fungi

Cited by 48 publications

References 9 publications

Heavy Metal Content in Wood-Decaying Fungi Collected in Prague and in the National Park Šumavain the Czech Republic

Heavy Metal Content in Wood-Decaying Fungi Collected in Prague and in the National Park Šumavain the Czech Republic

Accumulation and Effect of Cadmium in the Wood-Rotting Basidiomycete Daedalea quercina

The effect of copper on the growth of wood-rotting fungi and a blue-stain fungus

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