Accumulation of hydroxybenzoic acids and other biologically active phenolic acids in shoot and callus cultures of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott (black chokeberry)

Abstract

Phenolic acids are plant metabolites important in phytotherapy and also in cosmetology. In this study, proliferating shoot and callus cultures of Aronia melanocarpa were established and maintained on Linsmaier and Skoog (L-S) medium containing different levels of a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzyladenine (BA), ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 mg l -1 . Methanolic extracts from the biomass of these cultures and from the fruits of soil-grown plants were used to determine the amounts of free phenolic acids and cinnamic acid using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Out of a total of twelve analyzed compounds, all of the extracts contained four of them: caffeic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid, and vanillic acid. Moreover, shoot extracts also contained salicylic acid (o-hydroxybenzoic acid), while callus extracts contained p-coumaric acid. On the other hand, fruit extracts also contained both salicylic acid and p-coumaric acid. The total amount of the analyzed compounds in extracts from both shoot and callus cultures depended on the L-S medium used, and varied between 103.05 and 150.95 mg 100 g -1 dry weight (DW), and between 50.23 and 81.56 mg 100 g -1 DW, respectively. Both types of culture contained higher levels of phenolic acids than the fruit extracts (32.43 mg 100 g -1 DW). In shoot cultures, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and salicylic acid were the predominant metabolites (reaching 55.14 and 78.25 mg 100 g -1 DW, respectively), while in callus cultures, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (25.60 mg 100 g -1 DW) and syringic acid (41.20 mg 100 g -1 DW) were the main compounds. In fruit extracts, salicylic acid (15.60 mg 100 g -1 DW) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (5.29 mg 100 g -1 DW) were predominant.

In vitro shoot cultures of pink rock-rose (Cistus ×incanus L.) as a potential source of phenolic compounds

“…The higher production of plant secondary metabolites in in vitro cultivated biomass than in parent plant material is an important phenomenon. Such a relationship has been confirmed, for example, in Aronia melanocarpa [35,36], Cyclopia sp. [37], Genista tinctoria [38], and Schisandra chinensis [32,39] in vitro cultures.…”

Plant growth regulators affect biosynthesis and accumulation profile of isoflavone phytoestrogens in high-productive in vitro cultures of Genista tinctoria

“…Numerous reports indicate a direct influence of PGRs on the biosynthesis of phenolic secondary metabolites in plant in vitro cultures, with the examples including medicinally relevant antraquinones (Stalman et al 2003;Smetanska 2008), naphthodianthrones, phloroglucinols (Coste et al 2011), phenolic acids (Szopa et al 2013;Szopa and Ekiert 2014) and anthocyanins (Matkowski 2008, Smetanska 2008. Phytohormones may either stimulate or inhibit the production of active compounds in cultivated biomasses which, unfortunately, is not always correlated with the Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult (2014) 118: 419-429 425 induction or inhibition of cell growth (Stalman et al 2003;Collin 2001).…”

Bioactive compounds in hyperhydric and normal micropropagated shoots of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott

“…In vitro production of biologically active compounds such as ajmalicine, berberine, camptothecin, capsaicin, carotenoids, catharanthine, codeine, diosgenin, morphine, and taxol in cell and organ cultures have been reported from various plant species (Hussain et al, 2012). Many reports dealing with the production of arbutin and phenolic compounds by in vitro cell and organ cultures of Aronia species have been published (Kwiecien et al, 2013;Szopa et al, 2013;Calalb et al, 2014;Szopa and Ekiert, 2014). However, there are no reports on the production of carotenoids, fatty acids and tocopherol from cell and organ cultures of A. melanocarpa.…”