Accumulation of paralytic shellfish toxins by Southern Rock lobster Jasus edwardsii causes minimal impact on lobster health

Turnbull, Alison; Malhi, Navreet; Seger, Andreas; Jolley, Jessica; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M.; Fitzgibbon, Quinn P.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105704

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…This observed difference could be related to the improved nutritional condition of the lobsters across the experiment, as shown by significant increases in cholesterol, protein, and triglyceride levels. This increase in nutritional status was also detected in similar experiments involving feeding J. edwardsii mussels to excess daily [13] and was also associated with a similar decrease in feed intake during the course of the experiment as seen here.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Furthermore, the minimal impact on lobster health, demonstrated in this experiment across a range of organismal and cellular levels, indicates that there is no detrimental effect on the survivability and vitality of these animals as a result of exposure to toxic cells. Minimal whole organism and cellular responses were observed in J. edwardsii following the accumulation of high levels of PST in their hepatopancreas [13] and when exposed to toxic cells (current experiment), indicating that lobsters are relatively resistant to the action of PST. However, this response is in contrast to significant histopathology and mortality experienced by Blue mussel and Pacific oyster larvae when exposed to extracellular exudates of the same Tasmanian A. catenella strain at equivalent cell concentrations of 100 to 1000 cells mL −1 [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Other studies looking at stress in lobster supply chains have found varying results; some have found an increase in haemocyte levels with starvation, capture, emersion, storage and transport [21,25,26]; and others have found a decrease [18,24,[48][49][50]. No difference in haemocyte levels was seen in a similar experimental study looking at the impact of PST accumulation on J. edwardsii health [13]. It is possible that the increase over time in all treatment groups may be related to the static experimental system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The harvest protocols and tests are described in detail in Turnbull et al [13]. Briefly, lobster behavioural responses and tissue collection were conducted in the same order by the same researchers on each harvest day.…”

Section: Lobster Harvest Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To maximise value in the market, lobsters need to survive the rigours of international transport and thus it is integral that they start their journey in strong health [12]. Whilst a recent study showed no impact of PST feeding-related accumulation on J. edwardsii health [13], no studies have so far examined the sensitivity of lobster gill cells to the superoxide radicals, exudate phycotoxins, and fatty acids that are known to be produced by toxic Alexandrium spp. and to have a deleterious impact on fish gill cells [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lobster Supply Chains Are Not at Risk from Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Accumulation during Wet Storage

Turnbull

Seger

Jolley

et al. 2021

Toxins

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Lobster species can accumulate paralytic shellfish toxins (PST) in their hepatopancreas following the consumption of toxic prey. The Southern Rock Lobster (SRL), Jasus edwardsii, industry in Tasmania, Australia, and New Zealand, collectively valued at AUD 365 M, actively manages PST risk based on toxin monitoring of lobsters in coastal waters. The SRL supply chain predominantly provides live lobsters, which includes wet holding in fishing vessels, sea-cages, or processing facilities for periods of up to several months. Survival, quality, and safety of this largely exported high-value product is a major consideration for the industry. In a controlled experiment, SRL were exposed to highly toxic cultures of Alexandrium catenella at field relevant concentrations (2 × 105 cells L−1) in an experimental aquaculture facility over a period of 21 days. While significant PST accumulation in the lobster hepatopancreas has been reported in parallel experiments feeding lobsters with toxic mussels, no PST toxin accumulated in this experiment from exposure to toxic algal cells, and no negative impact on lobster health was observed as assessed via a wide range of behavioural, immunological, and physiological measures. We conclude that there is no risk of PST accumulation, nor risk to survival or quality at the point of consumption through exposure to toxic algal cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Lobster Harvest Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Lobster Supply Chains Are Not at Risk from Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Accumulation during Wet Storage

Turnbull

Seger

Jolley

et al. 2021

Toxins

Self Cite

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Impacts of sub‐optimal water quality on the haemolymph biochemistry, immune status and condition of post‐harvest Southern Rock Lobsters (Jasus edwardsii)

Day

Fitzgibbon

Gardner

2022

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Palinurid rock (or spiny) lobsters constitute valuable seafood fisheries around the world. Post‐harvest mortality can have a substantial economic impact on the value of these fisheries and damage the brand identity of an otherwise fungible commodity. In this study, sudden, large‐scale mortalities in the Australian Rock Lobster industry were investigated through comprehensive haemolymph biochemistry panels, measurements of immune status and nutritional condition. A cohort of lobsters (n = 25) was sampled over a 4‐week period at a commercial processing facility, with the final sample occurring during a mortality event. A comparison of 22 biochemical parameters, including electrolytes, minerals, ions, metabolites and enzymes, showed a notable disruption in osmoregulation, protein content and enzymes during weeks 3 and 4 of the study. Haemocyte counts showed a decline in circulating haemocytes by the time of the mortality event along with a shift in the proportion of hyalinocytes to granulocytes favouring the former. The condition index was variable over the sampling schedule, possibly linked to observed incidences of cannibalism, with no evidence of an overall low condition that would explain mortalities. The lobsters sampled in this study did not show any consistent or progressive changes in biochemistry that may indicate a pathogen or disease as a causative agent. Rather, analysis of the water quality within the facility suggested that mortality was due to sub‐optimal water quality characterized by a combination of two factors, a substantial decrease in the pH and potential nitrogen toxicity, that caused a physiological response comprised of an ion imbalance, altered enzyme activity and, ultimately, mortality. These results offer a comprehensive characterization of the impact of unexplained morbidity on the biochemistry and physiology of lobsters, illustrate the harm of sub‐optimal aquaculture practices and highlight the need for a better understanding of aquaculture practices and their effects on economically important seafood industries.

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Female mosquito-a potential vector for transporting plastic residues to humans

et al. 2022

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Accumulation of paralytic shellfish toxins by Southern Rock lobster Jasus edwardsii causes minimal impact on lobster health

Cited by 9 publications

References 77 publications

Lobster Supply Chains Are Not at Risk from Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Accumulation during Wet Storage

Lobster Supply Chains Are Not at Risk from Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Accumulation during Wet Storage

Impacts of sub‐optimal water quality on the haemolymph biochemistry, immune status and condition of post‐harvest Southern Rock Lobsters (Jasus edwardsii)

Female mosquito-a potential vector for transporting plastic residues to humans

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