Accuracy and precision of photoacoustic spectroscopy not guaranteed

Rosenstock, Todd S.; Díaz-Pinés, Eugenio; Zuazo, Pablo; Jordan, Greta; Předotová, Martina; Mutuo, Patrick K.; Abwanda, Sheila; Thiong’o, Margaret; Buerkert, Andreas; Rufino, Mariana C.; Kiese, Ralf; Neufeldt, Henry; Butterbach‐Bahl, Klaus

doi:10.1111/gcb.12332

Cited by 26 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Between measurements the cuvette was lifted and ventilated for 2 min to reduce unwanted feedback on gas emissions due to high cuvette air moisture and temperature ( Predotova et al, 2009). Previous experiments showed that during such accumulation times non‐condensing moisture conditions prevailed and measurements were reliable for CO 2 and, as long as and the instrument was properly calibrated, also for NH 3 , and N 2 O, but inaccurate for CH 4 ( Predotova et al, 2011; Iqbal et al, 2012; Rosenstock et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of activated charcoal and tannin added to compost and to soil on carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia volatilization

Jordan

Předotová

Ingold

et al. 2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Given high mineralization rates of soil organic matter addition of organic fertilizers such as compost and manure is a particularly important component of soil fertility management under irrigated subtropical conditions as in Oman. However, such applications are often accompanied by high leaching and volatilization losses of N. Two experiments were therefore conducted to quantify the effects of additions of activated charcoal and tannin either to compost in the field or directly to the soil. In the compost experiment, activated charcoal and tannins were added to compost made from goat manure and plant material at a rate of either 0.5 t activated charcoal ha -1 , 0.8 t tannin extract ha -1 , or 0.6 t activated charcoal and tannin ha -1 in a mixed application. Subsequently, emissions of CO 2 , N 2 O, and NH 3 volatilization were determined for 69 d of composting. The results were verified in a 20-d soil incubation experiment in which C and N emissions from a soil amended with goat manure (equivalent to 135 kg N ha -1 ) and additional amendments of either 3 t activated charcoal ha -1 , or 2 t tannin extract ha -1 , or the sum of both additives were determined. While activated charcoal failed to affect the measured parameters, both experiments showed that peaks of gaseous CO 2 and N emission were reduced and/or occurred at different times when tannin was applied to compost and soil. Application of tannins to compost reduced cumulative gaseous C emissions by 40% and of N by 36% compared with the non-amended compost. Tannins applied directly to the soil reduced emission of N 2 O by 17% and volatilization of NH 3 by 51% compared to the control. However, emissions of all gases increased in compost amended with activated charcoal, and the organic C concentration of the activated charcoal amended soil increased significantly compared to the control. Based on these results, tannins appear to be a promising amendment to reduce gaseous emissions from composts, particularly under subtropical conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of activated charcoal and tannin added to compost and to soil on carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia volatilization

Jordan

Předotová

Ingold

et al. 2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…0.0–0.7 ppm), Rosenstock et al . () suggested that the results of Iqbal et al . () were limited to unique experimental conditions including relatively high N 2 O concentrations and fluxes.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…In response, Rosenstock et al . () initiated a valuable dialogue by reminding readers that analytical instrument accuracy and precision are not guaranteed. Although we agree with this primary assertion, several other assertions in the authors' letter are flawed.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Accuracy and precision of no instrument is guaranteed: a reply to Rosenstock et al.

Iqbal

Castellano

Parkin

2014

Global Change Biology

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“…However, because GHGs and water vapor have multiple absorption bands across the measuring spectra, such instruments are prone to interferences. Recently, Rosenstock et al ( 2013 ) showed that for INNOVA instruments N 2 O concentration measurements were non-linearly affected by water content and CO 2 . Comparable results were already reported by Flechard et al ( 2005 ), though only a few researchers have noted the problems that might be associated with the use of PAS.…”

Section: Spectroscopic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils

Butterbach‐Bahl

Sander

Pelster³

et al. 2016

Methods for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Balances and Evaluating Mitigation Options in Smallholder Agriculture

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Standard methods for quantifying GHG emissions from soils tend to use either micrometeorological or chamber-based measurement approaches. The latter is the most widely used technique, since it can be applied at low costs and without power supply at remote sites to allow measurement of GHG exchanges between soils and the atmosphere for fi eld trials. Instrumentation for micrometeorological measurements meanwhile is costly, requires power supply and a minimum of 1 ha homogeneous, fl at terrain. In this chapter therefore we mainly discuss the closed chamber methodology for quantifying soil GHG fl uxes. We provide detailed guidance on existing measurement protocols and make recommendations for selecting fi eld sites, performing the measurements and strategies to overcome spatial variability of fl uxes, and provide knowledge on potential sources of errors that should be avoided. As a specifi c example for chamber-based GHG measurements we discuss sampling and measurement strategies for GHG emissions from rice paddies.

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Accuracy and precision of photoacoustic spectroscopy not guaranteed

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Effects of activated charcoal and tannin added to compost and to soil on carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia volatilization

Effects of activated charcoal and tannin added to compost and to soil on carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and ammonia volatilization

Accuracy and precision of no instrument is guaranteed: a reply to Rosenstock et al.

Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Managed and Natural Soils

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