Accuracy of cutaneous recordings of gastric electrical activity

Mintchev, Martin P.; Kingma, Y.J.; Bowes, Kenneth L.

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(93)90334-9

Cited by 162 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In addition, the postprandial increase in EGG power, relative to the fasting period, has been explained by the approximation of the antral wall, distended by the meal, to the skin electrodes. Thus, the EGG power also increases when the antrum is distended by a balloon, even as antral contractions are blocked by drugs (11). Finally, it has been established recently that the EGG power is increased by an increase in slow wave propagation velocity and is reduced by slow wave uncoupling (12).…”

Section: Does Egg Satisfactorily Reflect the Gma?mentioning

confidence: 93%

Electrogastrography: A Seductive Promise, Only Partially Kept

Bortolotti

1998

American Journal of Gastroenterology

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Section: Does Egg Satisfactorily Reflect the Gma?mentioning

confidence: 93%

Electrogastrography: A Seductive Promise, Only Partially Kept

Bortolotti

1998

American Journal of Gastroenterology

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“…The absolute amplitude (or power) of the signal may be affected by the patient's body habitus and electrode location. Usually, the postprandial to fasting power ratio value is Ͼ1 and may represent a true postprandial increase in the electrical (and presumably contractile) activity of the stomach or it may result from postprandial gastric distention (90). A power ratio of Ͻ1 may suggest a decreased gastric motor response to a meal.…”

Section: Testing Gastric Myoelectrical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for measurement of gastric motility

Szarka¹,

Camilleri²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

104

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Szarka LA, Camilleri M. Methods for measurement of gastric motility. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296: G461-G475, 2009. First published January 15, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90467.2008There is an array of tests available to measure gastric motility. Some tests measure end points, such as gastric emptying, that result from several different functions, whereas other tests are more specific and test only a single parameter, such as contractility. This article reviews the tests most commonly available in practice and research to evaluate in vivo the gastric functions of emptying, accommodation, contractility, and myoelectrical activity. The rationale for testing, the relative strengths and weaknesses of each test, and technical details are summarized. We also briefly indicate the applications and validations of the tests for use in experimental animal studies. contractility; emptying; accommodation; gastroparesis; dyspepsia ASSESSMENT OF THE MOTOR FUNCTIONS (motility) of the stomach is important in studies of gastric physiology and pathophysiology. Although not generally applied in gastroenterological practice, there is increasing use of tests to evaluate gastric function, particularly less invasive tests in clinical settings.There is an array of tests available to measure gastric motility. Some tests measure end points, such as gastric emptying, that result from several different functions, whereas other tests are more specific and test only a single parameter, such as contractility. This article reviews the tests most commonly available in practice and research to evaluate in vivo the gastric functions of emptying, accommodation, contractility, and myoelectrical activity. The rationale for testing, the relative strengths and weaknesses of each test, and technical details are summarized. A brief discussion is also provided for methods that have been used in animals to study motor functions of the stomach in animals. Tests to Evaluate Gastric Emptying of SolidsGastric emptying is a composite end point reflecting a variety of functions including gastric accommodation, the pressure gradient between the proximal and distal stomach, and antropyloroduodenal contractility and coordination. The trituration of solids and emptying of solid and liquid food from the stomach are arguably the most important physiological functions of the stomach. Abnormal gastric emptying, either accelerated at 1 h or delayed at 4 h, is among the factors that contribute to reporting of dyspepsia or the development of postprandial symptoms after meal challenge (35). For all tests of gastric motility and emptying, there are standard precautions (1): 1) Drugs affecting gastric motility (e.g., anticholinergics, narcotics, and prokinetics) are stopped for 48 h prior to the test, and the study is performed in the morning after an overnight fast. 2) Diabetic subjects should have a glucose level Ͻ275 mg/dl. 3) At the time the meal is ingested, Type 1 diabetic patients should receive half of their normal insulin dose. Gastric Emptying Scintigrap...

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“…Whereas studies have demonstrated that multiple EGG sensors may contain phase shifts consistent with propagation (10), the ability to compute the propagation velocity reliably has not been shown, in part due to the loss of spatial resolution caused by the intervening volume conductor layers in the abdomen (7). On this basis some have questioned the validity of parametric information besides temporal frequencies obtained from EGG (11,24,26). We should note, however, that the spatial resolution of our magnetometer as well as the distance of the sensors from the gastric sources allows us to compute only a single value for the propagation velocity, whereas the gastric syncytium is known to have a distally increasing velocity of propagation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive assessment of the effects of glucagon on the gastric slow wave

Bradshaw¹,

Sims²,

Richards³

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Bradshaw LA, Sims JA, Richards WO. Noninvasive assessment of the effects of glucagon on the gastric slow wave. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 293: G1029-G1038, 2007. First published September 20, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00054.2007.-Hyperglycemic effects on the gastric slow wave are not well understood, and no studies have examined the effects that hyperglycemia has on gastric slow wave magnetic fields. We recorded multichannel magnetogastrograms (MGGs) before and after intravenous administration of glucagon and subsequent modest hyperglycemia in 20 normal volunteers. Normal slow waves were evident in baseline MGG recordings from all 20 subjects, but within 15 min after glucagon had been given, we noted significant effects on MGG signals. In addition to an overall decrease in the slow wave frequency from 2.9 Ϯ 0.5 cycles per min (cpm) to 2.2 Ϯ 0.1 cpm (P Ͻ 0.05), we observed significant changes in the number and range of spectral peaks recorded. Furthermore, the propagation velocity determined from surface current density maps computed from the multichannel MGG decreased significantly (7.1 Ϯ 0.8 mm/s to 5.0 Ϯ 0.3 mm/s, P Ͻ 0.05). This is the first study of biomagnetic effects of hyperglycemia in normal subjects. Our results suggest that the analysis of the MGG provides parameter quantification for gastric electrical activity specific to and characteristic of slow wave abnormalities associated with increased serum glucose by injection of glucagon.magnetogastrogram; biomagnetism; electrogastrogram; hyperglycemia HYPERGLYCEMIA ALTERS THE ELECTRICAL slow wave of the stomach (14), and previous electrogastrogram (EGG) studies have demonstrated an increase in gastric slow wave frequency in response to glycemic overload (14, 18). These effects are pronounced in patients with diabetes mellitus, where recent evidence suggests that depletion of interstitial cells of Cajal is associated with this disease (23,28). Interstitial cells of Cajal are the progenitors and propagators of gastrointestinal (GI) slow waves, and their absence is associated with disruptions in gastric and intestinal electrical activities (27,33).Although the EGG is generally capable of describing the frequency dynamics of the gastric slow wave, its sensitivity to the electrical conductivity profile of the abdomen complicates the routine analysis of other clinically relevant parameters such as amplitude and propagation velocity (7,25). The magnetic fields generated by gastric slow wave currents are less influenced by these conductivity differences. As a result, the magnetogastrogram (MGG) allows assessment of gastric slow wave frequency as well as amplitude, propagation velocity, and other relevant spatiotemporal parameters (3,5).Given the ability of the MGG to accurately characterize the gastric slow wave, we hypothesized that MGG recordings would reflect slow wave changes caused by a modest degree of hyperglycemia in normal human subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study was reviewed and approved by Vanderbilt University's Institutional Review B...

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Accuracy of cutaneous recordings of gastric electrical activity

Cited by 162 publications

References 10 publications

Electrogastrography: A Seductive Promise, Only Partially Kept

Electrogastrography: A Seductive Promise, Only Partially Kept

Methods for measurement of gastric motility

Noninvasive assessment of the effects of glucagon on the gastric slow wave

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