Accuracy of different handgrip values to identify mobility limitation in older adults

Delinocente, Maicon Luís Bicigo; Carvalho, Danilo Henrique Trevisan de; Máximo, Roberta de Oliveira; Chagas, Marcos Hortes Nisihara; Santos, Jair Lício Ferreira; Duarte, Yeda Aparecida de Oliveira; Steptoe, Andrew; Oliveira, César de; Alexandre, Tiago da Silva

doi:10.1016/j.archger.2021.104347

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The handgrip test, numbering among the traditional tests of function, is widely used to assess strength and vulnerability to disability, allowing the diagnosis of dynapenia, sarcopenia, and frailty in older people. These findings also corroborate the capacity of vertical jump tests to assess muscle strength, being an alternative to handgrip when the outcomes are related to mobility changes [ 17 , 26 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Vertical Jump Tests: A Safe Instrument to Improve the Accuracy of the Functional Capacity Assessment in Robust Older Women

Santos

Amirato²,

Jacinto

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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Age-related decreases in muscle function lead to disabilities and are associated with negative health outcomes in older people. Although several physical tests can be used to assess physical performance, muscle strength, and power, their interpretation can be hampered by the ceiling effect of some of them. The aim of this study was to assess whether vertical jump tests are safe in terms of physical integrity and whether they are useful in assessing physical performance in forty-one robust older women. The investigation entailed an assessment of anthropometric characteristics, physical functioning tests (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), sit-to-up 5 times and sit-to-up 30 s, gait speed, time-up-to-go test (TUGT)), and tests evaluating muscle strength and power (handgrip, lower limb isokinetic tests, and vertical jumping tests). Significant negative correlations were found between vertical jumping tests and BMI, body fat percentage, sit-to-up 5 times and TUGT. In addition, significant positive correlations were observed between vertical jumping tests and SPPB, gait speed, handgrip, and concentric isokinetic tests of knee muscles. No adverse events in volunteers’ physical integrity were reported during and after the performance of all physical tests. Thus, the study results showed that vertical jumping tests are safe and accurate for assessing physical performance and are useful for monitoring age-related loss of muscle performance in robust older women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Vertical Jump Tests: A Safe Instrument to Improve the Accuracy of the Functional Capacity Assessment in Robust Older Women

Santos

Amirato²,

Jacinto

et al. 2022

Healthcare

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“…More recently, Delinocente et al . [ 13 ] found that a HGS <32 kg for men (49.1% sensitivity, 79.8% specificity and area under the curve of 0.82) and < 21 kg for women (58.6% sensitivity, 72.9% specificity and area under the curve of 0.83) were the best cut-off for identifying mobility limitation. Furthermore, the EWGSOP2 recommends HGS <27 kg for men and < 16 kg for women for LMS; these cut-off were obtained based on population distribution rather than diagnostic accuracy analysis [ 2 ], and were tested by Costanzo et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2010 (EWGSOP1) and 2019 (EWGSOP2) criteria or slowness: which is the best predictor of mortality risk in older adults?

et al. 2022

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Objectives to analyse the accuracy of grip strength and gait speed in identifying mortality; to compare the association between mortality and sarcopenia defined by the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 using the best cut-off found in the present study and those recommended in the literature and to test whether slowness is better than these two definitions to identify the risk of death in older adults. Methods a longitudinal study was conducted involving 6,182 individuals aged 60 or older who participated in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Sarcopenia was defined based on the EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 using different cut-off for low muscle strength (LMS). Mortality was analysed in a 14-year follow-up. Results compared with the LMS definitions in the literature (<32, <30, <27 and < 26 kg for men; <21, <20 and < 16 kg for women), the cut-off of <36 kg for men (sensitivity = 58.59%, specificity = 72.96%, area under the curve [AUC] = 0.66) and < 23 kg for women (sensitivity = 68.90%, specificity = 59.03%, AUC = 0.64) as well as a low gait speed (LGS) ≤0.8 m/s (sensitivity = 53.72%, specificity = 74.02%, AUC = 0.64) demonstrated the best accuracy for mortality. Using the cut-off found in the present study, probable sarcopenia [HR = 1.30 (95%CI: 1.16–1.46)], sarcopenia [HR = 1.48 (95%CI: 1.24–1.78)] and severe sarcopenia [HR = 1.78 (95%CI: 1.49–2.12)] according to EWGSOP2 were better predictors of mortality risk than EWGSOP1. LGS ≤0.8 m/s was a better mortality risk predictor only when LMS was defined by low cut-off. Conclusions using LMS <36 kg for men and < 23 kg for women and LGS ≤ 0.8 m/s, EWGSOP2 was the best predictor for mortality risk in older adults.

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“…For example, hand grip strength is related to lower bone mineral density or osteoporosis [14,15], malnutrition [16], cognitive impairment [17], multimorbidity [18], depression [19], frailty [4], and long sleep duration [20]. Thus, owing to the high clinical relevance, availability, and accessibility of measuring hand grip strength, it is intuitive to consider the use of hand grip strength as a proxy for the detection of slow walking speed [21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the literature, hand grip strength has been proposed as a method to identify slow walking speed (< 0.8 m/s), although the cutoff values varied according to sex and race [21][22][23][24][25]. In a large, diverse sample of older adults, a grip strength of less than 16 kg in women and 26 kg in men was associated with slow walking speed [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this study included participants from the general population, with ages ranging from 20 to 102 years, and not from the older adult population. In a cross-sectional study that included 5783 older adults, a hand grip strength cutoff value of 21 kg for women had a sensitivity of 58.6 %, a specificity of 72.9 % and an AUC of 0.83, whereas a cutoff value of 32 kg for men had a sensitivity of 49.1 %, a specificity of 79.8 %, and an AUC of 0.82 [25]. However, this study included a non-Asian population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using hand grip strength to detect slow walking speed in older adults: the Yilan study

et al. 2021

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Background Walking speed is an important health indicator in older adults, although its measurement can be challenging because of the functional decline due to aging and limited environment. The aim of this study was to examine whether hand grip strength can be a useful proxy for detecting slow walking speed in this population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using the cohort from the Yilan Study in Taiwan. Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older were included. Slow walking speed was defined as a 6-meter walking speed < 1.0 m/s, according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia diagnostic criteria. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to determine the most significant variables associated with walking speed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff values for hand grip strength in detecting slow walking speed. Results A total of 301 participants with an average age of 73.9 ± 6.8 years were included; 55.1 % participants were women. In stepwise multiple linear regression analysis that included various variables, hand grip strength was found to be the most explainable factor associated with walking speed among all participants and among participants of each sex. The optimal cutoff values for hand grip strength in the detection of slow walking speed were 19.73 kg for all participants (sensitivity: 55 %, specificity: 83 %, area under the curve: 0.74, accuracy: 66.9 %), 35.10 kg for men (sensitivity: 92 %, specificity: 42 %, area under the curve: 0.70, accuracy: 66.4 %), and 17.93 kg for women (sensitivity: 62 %, specificity: 80 %, area under the curve: 0.76, accuracy: 67.9 %). Conclusions Hand grip strength was found to be a useful proxy for the identification of slow walking speed in older adults.

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Accuracy of different handgrip values to identify mobility limitation in older adults

Cited by 21 publications

References 33 publications

Vertical Jump Tests: A Safe Instrument to Improve the Accuracy of the Functional Capacity Assessment in Robust Older Women

Vertical Jump Tests: A Safe Instrument to Improve the Accuracy of the Functional Capacity Assessment in Robust Older Women

European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2010 (EWGSOP1) and 2019 (EWGSOP2) criteria or slowness: which is the best predictor of mortality risk in older adults?

Using hand grip strength to detect slow walking speed in older adults: the Yilan study

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