Accuracy of Methods to Estimate Strong Ground Motions Using Nearby Strong Motion Records

Ground motion estimation for the elevated bridges of the Kyushu Shinkansen derailment caused by the foreshock of the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake based on the site-effect substitution method

“…This method is based on records of moderate earthquakes at both the site of interest and a nearby permanent strong motion observation station, and on a record of a large earthquake at the nearby station. Because this method is focused not only on the difference in site amplification factors but also on the difference in site phase effects between the site of interest and the nearby station, it can be used to compute time histories of strong ground motions at the site of interest with high accuracy (e.g., Hata et al 2013Hata et al , 2016b). Because JKM is located close to SNK, as shown in Figs.…”

“…8a, b), linear calculation was carried out (see Fig. 6) in addition to the equivalent linear calculation with the empirical dynamic deformation properties (Yasuda and Yamaguchi 1985;Yoshida et al 2002;Hata et al 2016b). Then, the Fourier amplitude was calculated for the linear surface ground motions at JKM, and the results were corrected for the difference of the path effects (Boore 1983) and the site amplification factors between the sites of interest and JKM (see Fig.…”

“…5 Comparison of the site amplification factors in the horizontal direction at SNK, JKM, and MKM. Note that the spectra for JKM and MKM are based on moderate earthquake observation records from before the foreshock; the spectrum for SNK is based on temporary observation records associated with moderate earthquakes that occurred between the foreshock and the main shock (see Table 2) the ground surface at MKM and SNK, respectively, not only linear calculations but also the equivalent linear calculations with the empirical dynamic deformation properties (Yasuda and Yamaguchi 1985;Yoshida et al 2002;Hata et al 2016b) were performed (see Fig. 6).…”