Accurate Measurements of Energy, Efficiency and Power Quality in the Electric Railway System

Giordano, D.; Clarkson, P.; Gamacho, F.; Brom, Helko E. van den; Donadio, L.; Fernández-Cardador, Antonio; Spalvieri, C.; Gallo, Daniele; Istrate, Daniela; Laporte, A.; Mariscotti, Andrea; Mester, Christian; Navarro, Nicolas; Porzio, M.; Roscoe, Andrew; Šíra, Martin

doi:10.1109/cpem.2018.8500811

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…This section presents the time domain characteristics of voltage and current signals measured at the pantograph of a locomotive operating on a 3 kV DC railway network in Italy. The signals used for this analysis are part of 16ENG04 MyRailS project [33,34] and can be accessed online [35]. The signals are recorded using a data acquisition system (DAQ) sampling at 50 kS/s installed on-board the train.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Voltage and Current Recorded Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Arc Detection Method for DC Railway Systems

et al. 2021

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Electric arcing due to contact interruption between the pantograph and the overhead contact line in electrified railway networks is an important and unwanted phenomenon. Arcing events are short-term power quality disturbances that produce significant electromagnetic disturbances both conducted and radiated as well as increased degradation on contact wire and contact strip of the pantograph. Early-stage detection can prevent further deterioration of the current collection quality, reduce excessive wear in the pantograph-catenary system, and mitigate failure of the pantograph contact strip. This paper presents a novel arc detection method for DC railway networks. The method quantifies the rate-of-change of the instantaneous phase of the oscillating pantograph current signal during an arc occurrence through the Hilbert transform. Application of the method to practical pantograph current data measurements, demonstrates that phase derivative is a useful parameter for detecting and localizing significant power quality disturbances due to electric arcs during both coasting and regenerative braking phases of a running locomotive. The detected number of arcs may be used to calculate the distribution of the arcs per kilometre as an alternative estimation of the current collection quality index and consequently used to assess the pantograph-catenary system performance. The detected arc number may also contribute to lowering predictive maintenance costs of pantograph-catenary inspections works as these can be performed only at determined sections of the line extracted by using arcing time locations and speed profiles of the locomotive.

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Section: Characteristics Of Voltage and Current Recorded Signalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Arc Detection Method for DC Railway Systems

et al. 2021

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“…As on-board monitoring of energy consumption is not a common feature in train control system, to have a complete and accurate knowledge of energy flux during normal working conditions, and so quantifying the impact of the installation of new reversible substations from both points of view environmental and economic, a specific measurement systems was developed. This activity is part of the metrology research project 16ENG04 MyRailS [8] with funding from the EMPIR program (European Metrology Program for Innovation and Research) co-financed by the participating states and from the European Union. The stakeholder partner of this project (Metro de Madrid) has shown great interest in the adopting reversible substations as a response to environmental concerns and to reduce the infrastructure costs for urban and suburban rail transport network.…”

Section: Fig 1 Princile Of Regenerative Brakingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results here presented are developed in the framework of the 16ENG04 MyRailS Project [8] with funding from the EMPIR program co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research program.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring a DC Train Supplied by a Reversible Substation

Cipolletta

Femine

Gallo

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)

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European energy policy has been supporting a gradual shift towards an efficient energy management in order to reduce the railway transport emissions by 50 % within 2030. One of the most promising solutions to reduce emissions is the recovery of braking energy: it is possible to convert kinetic energy back to the electrical form and reinject it back to the grid. Currently, because of the unidirectional nature of the substation, the receptivity of the supply network is limited and only a small part of the traction energy is sent back to the catenary. The remaining part is usually wasted on the train braking rheostats. In this scenario, new installations of reversible substations in DC railway systems, can improve energy savings. In this paper, in order to evaluate the impact of this innovative technology, a preliminary analysis of the data acquired during a measurement campaign conducted jointly with Metro de Madrid (train and substation owner) and HitachiRail (train manufacturer) is presented. Energy exchanged between train and supply line and real-time power quality events survey can be valuable tools to make an estimation of the impact of the reversible substation.

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“…A phantom power source for distorted current waveforms at medium voltage levels has been developed for this purpose as well [21]. The latter research was performed within the context of a European research project aiming for accurate measurements of energy, efficiency, and power quality in electric railway systems [22], in which the research described in this paper is performed as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage Dependence of the Reference System in Medium- and High-Voltage Current Transformer Calibrations

Brom

Leeuwen

Rietveld

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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A sampling current ratio measurement system has been developed to calibrate the voltage dependence of the ratio error and phase displacement of current transformers (CTs) used for medium-voltage (MV) and high-voltage (HV) applications. The influence of the voltage-induced leakage current on the apparent ratio error and phase displacement of the reference circuit was unambiguously demonstrated using a novel measurement method. Measurement results for voltages up to 24 kV show that the observed leakage current is purely capacitive and caused by the shielded cable capacitance of the HV cable used to feed the current. The maximum ratio error and phase displacement were found to be about 100 parts in 10 6 and 100 μrad for the smallest current of 100 A used for these investigations. Since these values scale linearly with the applied voltage and inversely proportional with current, the assumption of negligible voltage dependence used in other reference systems presented in literature is questionable. Using the corrected reference circuit, a commercial class 0,2S MV CT with 2500 A nominal current was calibrated at voltage levels up to 24 kV. The voltage dependence of the ratio error and phase displacement for primary currents up to 500 A was demonstrated to be capacitive as well, with a maximum impact on the current ratio of almost 0.9 % for a primary current of 100 A (corresponding to 3.6 % at 1 % of nominal current). This value is beyond the limits of in-force standards, which emphasizes the necessity of implementing voltage dependence testing in those standards.

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Accurate Measurements of Energy, Efficiency and Power Quality in the Electric Railway System

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

A Novel Arc Detection Method for DC Railway Systems

A Novel Arc Detection Method for DC Railway Systems

Monitoring a DC Train Supplied by a Reversible Substation

Voltage Dependence of the Reference System in Medium- and High-Voltage Current Transformer Calibrations

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