Accurate time-resolved optical photospectroscopy with superconducting tunnel junction arrays

Martin, D.; Verhoeve, P.; Oosterbroek, T.; Hijmering, R. A.; Peacock, A.; Schulz, R.

doi:10.1117/12.671213

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…If our observed excess had been significant we could have constructed the optical spectrum obtained when a GP occurs and compare it with the reference spectrum when no GP is present. This is possible by using the intrinsic energy resolution of S-Cam (each photon is tagged with a time stamp, but also its energy, Martin et al 2006). Such an approach could reveal the spectrum of the excess emission and consequently would impose important further constraints on the emission mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous absolute timing of the Crab pulsar at radio and optical wavelengths

Oosterbroek¹,

Cognard

Golden

et al. 2008

A&A

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Context. The Crab pulsar emits across a large part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Determining the time delay between the emission at different wavelengths will allow to better constrain the site and mechanism of the emission. We have simultaneously observed the Crab Pulsar in the optical with S-Cam, an instrument based on Superconducting Tunneling Junctions (STJs) with μs time resolution and at 2 GHz using the Nançay radio telescope with an instrument doing coherent dedispersion and able to record giant pulses data. Aims. We have studied the delay between the radio and optical pulse using simultaneously obtained data therefore reducing possible uncertainties present in previous observations. Methods. We determined the arrival times of the (mean) optical and radio pulse and compared them using the tempo2 software package.Results. We present the most accurate value for the optical-radio lag of 255±21 μs and suggest the likelihood of a spectral dependence to the excess optical emission asociated with giant radio pulses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous absolute timing of the Crab pulsar at radio and optical wavelengths

Oosterbroek¹,

Cognard

Golden

et al. 2008

A&A

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“…This STJ camera had a 10 × 12 pixel array with an average energy resolution of Δ𝑁𝑁 FWHM = 0.17 eV at 2.4 eV (λ = 500 nm). The camera covered a band from 340 to 740 nm with peak detection efficiency of 34% at 550 nm and the absolute time of 1 μs [105]. Energy resolution ability of STJ detectors was leveraged to make X-ray spectrometers for synchrotron science [111 -113]and for plasma and ion physics experiments [73].…”

Section: Superconducting Tunnel Junctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconducting photon detectors

Morozov

Casaburi

Hadfield

2021

Contemporary Physics

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The ability to detect individual light quanta -single photons -is prized across many fields of physics from astronomy to quantum optics. Superconducting photon detectors offer exceptional performance in terms of sensitivity, spectral range and timing resolution. In this review we introduce the underlying physics of photon absorption in superconducting devices. We then present detailed case studies of contemporary superconducting detector technologies for photon counting at visible and infrared wavelengths. We conclude with a perspective on future developments in this exciting area.

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“…S-Cam3 is a photon-counting detector consisting of a 12 × 10 array of Ta/Al Superconducting Tunnel Junctions cooled with liquid helium to ∼0.3 K (Martin et al 2006). Each junction has a size of 35.5 × 35.5 µm 2 with inter-pixel gaps of <2 µm.…”

Section: Instrumentation Observation and Data Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists of an array of superconducting tunnel junction detectors, working at a temperature of 0.3 K, and it allowed the detection of fast changes during the fragmentation of the comet. For details of the instrument, see Martin et al (2006) and references therein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3-B observed from the optical ground station

Schulz

Erd

et al. 2007

A&A

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Aims. In 2006 comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3, which split in 1995 into five pieces, approached the Sun again with a swarm of new fragments. The same year in May, the conglomerate of sub-fragments from the original fragment B was observed with the SCam3 instrument mounted on the 1-m ESA Optical Ground Station (OGS) telescope in Tenerife, Spain. With a total FOV of ∼876 km × 730 km and a spatial resolution of ∼73 km/pixel, the S-Cam3 observations provided the possibility to examine dust fragmentation processes, as well as dust and gas outflow, within the first few hundred kilometres of the sub-fragment surfaces. Methods. The superconducting camera, S-Cam3, is an ultra-fast photon counting camera developed by ESA. Cooled to ∼0.3 K, its sensitive superconducting tunnel junction sensors detect single photons, measuring their arrival time to accuracies of microseconds and determining its crude wavelength. The camera is also essentially noise-free except for sky background photons. Thus S-Cam3 essentially provides high-speed, low-resolution spectra between 395 nm and 1052 nm with a resolution of ∼35 nm at 500 nm wavelength.Results. The images acquired show three intensity maxima that were identified as most likely from the B fragment itself and two clusters of sub-fragments 253 km and 896 km away from fragment B. Furthermore we could see spatial intensity variations on short time scales (2-4 min), indicating the varying dust and gas emission of "subnuclei". The gas and dust profiles do not show an inverse radial distribution (1/r) in all flow directions, but rather a clear deviation from a free radial outflow. This most likely is due to the gas outflow of one cluster of sub-fragments hitting the outflow of the other cluster. In other words, the material is expanding from one cluster into the other. In addition, the dust particles continue to fragment.

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Accurate time-resolved optical photospectroscopy with superconducting tunnel junction arrays

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Simultaneous absolute timing of the Crab pulsar at radio and optical wavelengths

Simultaneous absolute timing of the Crab pulsar at radio and optical wavelengths

Superconducting photon detectors

73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 3-B observed from the optical ground station

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