Acetochlor - a comparative study on parameters governing the potential for water pollution

Balinova, Anna

doi:10.1080/03601239709373107

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Koplin et al (2) have reported that acetochlor was detected in 29% of the rain samples from four sites from Iowa, 17% from the stream samples from 51 sites across 9 states, and 0% of the groundwater samples from 38 wells across 8 states. Acetochlor is classified as a leacher in soil, and its potential for contamination of groundwater is comparable with those of alachlor and metolachlor (3). The mobility of pesticides in soil is one of the principal parameters controlling the extent to which they may represent a risk for groundwater contamination (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organo-Clay Formulation of Acetochlor for Reduced Movement in Soil

El‐Nahhal

Nir

Serban

et al. 2001

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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This study aimed to design ecologically acceptable formulations of acetochlor by adsorbing it on montmorillonite exchanged by a small organic cation, phenyltrimethylammonium (PTMA). Adsorption of acetochlor on the clay mineral exchanged with different organic cations and its release from these complexes were determined by GC and modeled by Langmuir equation. Interactions between acetochlor molecules and the exchanged organic cation on the clay surface were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Leaching of acetochlor in soil was determined by a bioassay using a column technique and Setaria viridis as a test plant. The adsorbed amounts of acetochlor on montmorillonite exchanged by PTMA at a loading of 0.5 mmol/g of clay were higher than at a loading up to the cation-exchange capacity, i.e., 0.8 mmol/g, and were higher than obtained by using a clay mineral exchanged by other organic cations. Preloading montmorillonite by PTMA at 0.5 mmol/g yielded maximal shifts of the infrared peaks of the herbicide. The above formulation of acetochlor yielded slow release in water and showed improved weed control in field and greenhouse experiments in comparison with the commercial formulation. The PTMA-clay formulation of acetochlor maintained herbicidal activity in the topsoil and yielded the most significant reduction in herbicide leaching and persistence under field conditions. The application of this formulation can minimize the risk to groundwater and can reduce the applied rates.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organo-Clay Formulation of Acetochlor for Reduced Movement in Soil

El‐Nahhal

Nir

Serban

et al. 2001

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Even throughout the world, only a little data is available for acetochlor sorption (Kholodov et al 2005;Lengyel and Földényi 2003;Liu et al 2000;Wang et al 1999;Zheng and Ye 2002) and very little for its desorption (Taylor et al 2004). Previous studies based on soil column and sorption experiments have shown that acetochlor presents a risk of groundwater contamination (Balinova 1997;Zheng and Ye 2002), consistent with its frequent presence observed in groundwater (Barbash et al 2001;Kolpin et al 1996Kolpin et al , 1998. Existing data indicates that the sorption capacity of soils for acetochlor increases with increasing content of soil organic carbon, whereas other soil characteristics are less important (Kholodov et al 2005;Wang et al 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Soil sorption influences pesticide vapourization, bioavailability, degradation and leaching, and hence it ultimately determines pesticide fate in the environment (Balinova 1997;Laabs et al 2000Laabs et al , 2002Ye 2003;Yu et al 2006). Therefore, the first step in understanding the environmental fate of a pesticide is to study its sorption characteristics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil and sediment composition on acetochlor sorption and desorption

Hiller

Čerňanský

Krascsenits

et al. 2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study examined the sorption-desorption processes of acetochlor in soils and sediments. The obtained sorption data are important for qualitative assessment of acetochlor mobility in natural solids, but further studies must be carried out to understand its environmental fate and transport more thoroughly. Although, the total organic carbon content, the humus fractions of the organic matter and the C(HA)/C(FA) ratio were sufficient predictors of the acetochlor sorption-desorption. Further investigations of the structural and chemical characteristics of humic substances derived from different origins are necessary to more preciously explain differences in acetochlor sorption in the soils and sediments observed in this study.

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“…Weber and Peter (1982), studying adsorption on seven different soils using radiolabeled molecules, found that acetochlor was more sorbed than metolachlor [2‐chloro‐6′‐ethyl‐ N ‐(2‐methoxy‐1‐methylethyl)‐ o ‐acetoluidide] or alachlor [2‐chloro‐2′,6′‐diethyl‐ N ‐(methoxymethyl) acetanilide], and concluded that acetochlor is less mobile than the other two chloroacetanilides. Balinova (1997), however, using percolation experiments on soil columns, showed that acetochlor, like the other chloroacetanilides (metolachlor and alachlor), is a potential ground water contaminant. Zheng and Ye (2002) also concluded, based on adsorption and thin‐layer chromatography experiments, that acetochlor presents a risk of ground water contamination, particularly in sandy soil or if aquifers are shallow.…”

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confidence: 99%

Infiltration of Acetochlor and Two of Its Metabolites in Two Contrasting Soils

et al. 2004

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To obtain data concerning the risk of leaching of acetochlor (2-chloro-2'-methyl-6'-ethyl-N-ethoxymethyl-acetanilide) and its major metabolites, ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) and oxanilic acid (OA), to ground water, we studied the fate of these products in two different soil types (luvisol and calcisol) under the same weather conditions. The metabolites were detected in the soils as early as 7 d after application, indicating a rapid onset of acetochlor degradation. Ethanesulfonic acid was predominant over OA in the calcisol, regardless of time or depth, whereas the ESA to OA ratio varied with both time and depth in the luvisol. The maximum depths at which they were detected were 60 to 70 and 10 to 20 cm for ESA and OA, respectively, in the luvisol, and 60 to 70 cm (maximum depth sampled) and 30 to 40 cm for ESA and OA, respectively, in the calcisol. Acetochlor was still detected in the surface layer of the two soils 344 d after its application, although the molecule was partially leached. The maximum depths at which acetochlor was detected (60-70 cm in the luvisol and 50-60 cm [maximum depth sampled] in the calcisol) were recorded during the first sampling 7 d after application. Acetochlor was not detected on later dates below the 30- to 40-cm layer in the calcisol or the 5- to 10-cm layer in the luvisol. The greater preferential flow in the luvisol, which would have favored leaching, might partially explain why the mass balances done 7 d after application were lower in the luvisol (approximately 26%) than in the calcisol (approximately 45%).

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Acetochlor - a comparative study on parameters governing the potential for water pollution

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Organo-Clay Formulation of Acetochlor for Reduced Movement in Soil

Organo-Clay Formulation of Acetochlor for Reduced Movement in Soil

Effect of soil and sediment composition on acetochlor sorption and desorption

Infiltration of Acetochlor and Two of Its Metabolites in Two Contrasting Soils

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