Acetoxy Chavicol Acetate (ACA) Concentration and Cytotoxic Activity of Alpinia galanga Extract on HeLa, MCF7 and T47D Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, IndonesiaDue to severe side effect and non-specific chemotherapeutic agent, screening and discovery for cancer therapy are still working, especially from natural resources. Traditionally, people used herbal medicine either to prevent or cure diseases. One of herbal that commonly used in Indonesia is Alpinia galangal. Previous study stated that active compound is acetoxy chavicol acetate (ACA) and active as anticancer. This research aimed to determine ACA concentration and cytotoxic activity of Alpinia galanga extract (AGE) from three local markets on HeLa, MCF7 and T47D cell lines. The galangal used from three local markets namely Pasar Legi Surakarta, Beringharjo Yogyakarta, and Wonogiri. The extraction was performed by maceration using 96% ethanol as solvent. ACA quantitation using UV spectrophotometer at λ = 208.5 nm. Samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction using an ethyl acetate. Cytotoxic activities were performed by MTT assay. The result showed that the concentration of ACA of AGE from the three local markets were 3.798; 0.035; and 0.009 % w/w, respectively. Cytotoxic activity, describes as IC50 value, on HeLa cell line of AGE from three local markets, in order were 13.26; 36.32 and > 100 µg/ mL. Meanwhile, AGE from Pasar Legi on MCF7 and T47D cell lines have IC50 value of 15.80; 12.50 µg/ mL, respectively. In contrast, two other samples have IC50 values of greater than 100 µg/ mL. The highest activity was from the highest concentration of ACA on the samples.

Revealing the Reversal Effect of Galangal (Alpinia galanga L.) Extract Against Oxidative Stress in Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells and Normal Fibroblast Cells Intended as a Co- Chemotherapeutic and Anti-Ageing Agent

“…Wu et al, (2014) andSingh et al, (2004) studied the essential oil components of some galangal species and found that the major components differed from the major components possibly because of differences in cultivating conditions. Due to the different sources of galangal, galangal may exhibit differences in cytotoxic activity (Suhendi et al, 2017). We found that the primary compounds in this extract were known to have anticancer activity and antioxidant properties (Table 1).…”

Systematic Review: Anticancer Potential of Active Compounds from Galangal (Alpinia galanga)

“…The anticancer potential of the ethanolic extract of A. galanga against HeLa cervical cancer cells showed good effectiveness. The IC 50 values varied between 7.26 ug/ml, 13.26 ug/ml, and 36.32 ug/ml [21,22]. The difference in value may be caused by differences in the place of origin of the plant.…”

CYTOTOXICITY TEST OF N-HEXANE, ETHYL ACETATE, AND WATER FRACTIONS FROM THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF SENDUDUK LEAVES (Melastoma malabathricum L.) ON MCF-7 CELLS USING THE MTT ASSAY METHOD

“…The cytotoxic activity of an agent can be classified based on its IC50 value. The highly active category's IC50 value is < 20 μg/mL, the functional category's is 20-100 μg/mL, the fragile category's is 100-1000 μg/mL, and ≥1000 μg/mL, respectively (Suhendi et al, 2017). Thus, it can be concluded that while the ethyl acetate fraction is highly active in suppressing MCF-7 cells, the water fraction and n portion of MM leaf hexane were classified as very weak.…”